Uma abordagem hermenêutica da relação saúde-doença

Abstract

This work aims to contribute to the current discussion on the relationship between health and disease, taking a hermeneutic perspective on the issue. The first section, referring to the discussion among the hermeneutic, phenomenological, and existential lines of philosophy, analyzes the work of two philosophers, Kierkegaard and Heidegger, who profoundly influenced contemporary hermeneutics. The article discusses the concept of anguish, which for Kierkegaard (contrary to the biomedical approach) is a constitutive component of human beings: for Kierkegaard, as subsequently for Heidegger, anxiety is not a pathological symptom but a state that allows for privileged access to self-knowledge. In the second section, we approach how hermeneutics, and especially the work of Gadamer, developed the concepts of health, illness, and suffering; we also analyze how in recent years this perspective has influenced the social sciences (and particularly medical anthropology) in their approach to health problems. The third and final section discusses the implications of hermeneutics for clinical training and practice, demonstrating the applicability of Heidegger's and Gadamer's thinking for work by physicians and nurses.

Hermenêutica e saúde: reflexões sobre o pensamento de Hans-Georg Gadamer

“…Gadamer is considered an intellectual of broad thinking; the central idea of his writings is that all understanding, or acts of understanding, is essentially processed from dialog and that is in light of a deep study concerning the reality in which we acquire knowledge, while its practical applicability, the praxis, occurs by a experiential historical process (4,6) .…”

Múltiplos olhares sobre a mortalidade infantil no Ceará, Brasil

“…Profissionais de saúde, em sua grande maioria, saídos de universidades com pouca formação humanística 37 , que não tiveram uma formação pedagógica e antropológica, incorrem frequentemente no erro de desconsiderar as diferenças culturais, sociais e de origem da população, pensando que suas idéias são as mais evidentes e corretas. Haja vista a grande limitação do olhar biomédico, com sua visão reducionista 36 …”

A funcionalidade e incapacidade na velhice: ficar ou não ficar quieto

“…Assim, contextos culturais afetam a inclusão e participação social dos sujeitos com incapacidade 7 , ao mesmo tempo que revelam ideologias, questões políticas e econômicas 9 . Ademais, programas de cuidado à pessoa que envelhece serão mais efetivos caso respondam às necessidades percebidas pelos idosos 2,7 .…”