Mudanças na Declaração de Helsinki: fundamentalismo econômico, imperialismo ético e controle social

Garrafa, Volnei; Prado, Mauro Machado do

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2001000600020

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Studies of pregnant women receiving care in primary health services showed a 37.8% incidence of insufficient gestational weight gain and 29.2% of excessive weight gain [14,15]. Maternal weight gain below expected values is associated with low-weight newborns and longer hospital stay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, mental health and violence: from pregnancy to postpartum Cohort of women attending primary care units in Southern Brazil - ECCAGE study

et al. 2010

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BackgroundWoman's nutritional status, before and during pregnancy, is a strong determinant of health outcomes in the mother and newborn. Gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention increases risk of overweight or obesity in the future and they depend on the pregestational nutritional status and on food consumption and eating behavior during pregnancy. Eating behavior during pregnancy may be the cause or consequence of mood changes during pregnancy, especially depression, which increases likelihood of postpartum depression. In Brazil, a study carried out in the immediate postpartum period found that one in three women experienced some type of violence during pregnancy. Violence and depression are strongly associated and both exposures during pregnancy are associated with increased maternal stress and subsequent harm to the infant. The main objectives of this study are: to identify food intake and eating behaviors patterns; to estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders and the experience of violence during and after pregnancy; and to estimate the association between these exposures and infant's health and development.Methods/DesignThis is a cohort study of 780 pregnant women receiving care in 18 primary care units in two cities in Southern Brazil. Pregnant women were first evaluated between the 16th and 36th week of pregnancy at a prenatal visit. Follow-up included immediate postpartum assessment and around the fifth month postpartum. Information was obtained on sociodemographic characteristics, living circumstances, food intake, eating behaviors, mental health and exposure to violence, and on infant's development and anthropometrics measurements.DiscussionThis project will bring relevant information for a better understanding of the relationship between exposures during pregnancy and how they might affect child development, which can be useful for a better planning of health actions aiming to enhance available resources in primary health care.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, mental health and violence: from pregnancy to postpartum Cohort of women attending primary care units in Southern Brazil - ECCAGE study

et al. 2010

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“…Besides, bioethics must reinforce through its discourse, that health care cannot be compared to a good to be bought and sold in any way in the market 35,38 . To the extent that these facts tend to happen, we move toward exclusion, separation and isolation of those population groups that were deprived of the benefits provided by progress 39 .…”

Section: Neglected Diseases and Bioethicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doenças negligenciadas e bioética: diálogo de um velho problema com uma nova área do conhecimento

Andrade

Rocha

2015

Rev. Bioét.

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As doenças negligenciadas representam flagelo persistente no histórico das populações excluídas, sendo, portanto, objeto de interesse da bioética. São classificadas como grupo de doenças infecciosas fortemente associadas às condições de pobreza verificadas, em sua grande maioria, nos países periféricos. O objetivo deste estudo foi aproximar duas áreas do conhecimento por meio de diálogo, a fim de demonstrar que, apesar de específicas, ambas podem atuar de maneira sinérgica. Trata-se de estudo de revisão bibliográfica que procurou aprofundar o tema a partir dos seguintes eixos: 1) conceitos e visões das doenças negligenciadas e da bioética; 2) consequências e contexto das doenças negligenciadas; 3) doenças negligenciadas nos estudos de bioética. Verificou-se o estabelecimento do diálogo, bem como a emergência de elementos que ratificaram a bioética como campo de mediação a ser utilizado na superação do conflito ético que permeia o tema das doenças negligenciadas.

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“…Foi nesse contexto de medo e dúvida com relação à herança deixada pelo ethos utilitarista da guerra na pesquisa clínica que, em 1964, a Associação Médica Mundial (AMM), uma entidade reguladora de todas as associações médicas nacionais, instituiu a Declaração de Helsinki, um documento isento de poderes legais ou normativos, mas que, pelo consenso conquistado, é, ainda hoje, a referência ética mais importante para a regulamentação de pesquisas médicas envolvendo seres humanos (World Medical Association, 1997), a ponto de alguns autores sugerirem que a responsabilidade pela mesma deva sair dos limites da AMM e estender-se para outras instâncias supranacionais de caráter não meramente profissional, como a Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) (Garrafa, 2000;Schüklenk & Ashcroft, 2000). O fato é que a Declaração de Helsinki representou a tradução e a incorporação, pelas entidades médicas de todo o mundo, dos preceitos éticos instituídos pelo Código de Nuremberg, definindo uma base ética mínima necessária às pesquisas e aos testes médicos com seres humanos, pois, como sugere Francis Crawley e Joseph Hoet, ambos pesquisadores do Comitê Europeu de Ética para a Pesquisa com Seres Humanos, "...somente a Declaração de Helsinki teve algo próximo de um reconhecimento universal para a definição da prática ética na pesquisa biomédica..." (Crawley & Hoet, 1999:10.…”

Section: A Declaração De Helsinki Em Debateunclassified

Declaração de Helsinki: relativismo e vulnerabilidade

Diniz

Corrêa

2001

Cad. Saúde Pública

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The Helsinki Declaration is a crucial ethical landmark for clinical research involving human beings. Since the Declaration was issued, a series of revisions and modifications have been introduced into the original text, but they have not altered its humanist approach or its international force for regulating clinical research. A proposal for an extensive revision of the Declaration's underlying ethical principles has been debated for the past four years. If the proposal is approved, international clinical research involving human beings will be modified, further increasing the vulnerability of certain social groups. This article discusses the historical process involved in passing the Helsinki Declaration and the most recent debate on the new draft. The article analyzes the new text's social implications for underdeveloped countries, arguing for a political approach to the vulnerability concept.

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Mudanças na Declaração de Helsinki: fundamentalismo econômico, imperialismo ético e controle social

Abstract: This study is a critical reflection on attempts to alter the Declaration of Helsinki, a key document of the democratic theses achieved in the latter

Cited by 39 publications

References 15 publications

Nutrition, mental health and violence: from pregnancy to postpartum Cohort of women attending primary care units in Southern Brazil - ECCAGE study

Nutrition, mental health and violence: from pregnancy to postpartum Cohort of women attending primary care units in Southern Brazil - ECCAGE study

Doenças negligenciadas e bioética: diálogo de um velho problema com uma nova área do conhecimento

Declaração de Helsinki: relativismo e vulnerabilidade

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