Geração e transmissão da energia elétrica: impacto sobre os povos indígenas no Brasil

Abstract

This paper presents an overview of the effects of electric power generation and transmission on indigenous communities in Brazil. According to data from FUNAI (the Brazilian government's Board of Indian Affairs), there are 156 cases of direct impact, present or future, of the electric power sector on Indian settlements geographically distributed throughout Brazil, 65% of which are located in the Northern Region of the country. The principal complaints by indigenous communities relate to the direct effects of flooding following construction of hydroelectric dams, destruction of sacred sites like cemeteries, mosquito proliferation, and health-related hazards such as malaria and other infectious diseases, decrease in game for hunting, crowding out of farm land, and increased invasion of indigenous lands. Future perspectives include a scenario with further construction of hydroelectric dams, especially in the Amazon region, with possible similar effects on indigenous communities.

A produção científica sobre o ambiente na saúde coletiva

“…Um sobre o Norte do Brasil (comunidades indíge-nas afetadas pelos projetos de eletrificação) 55 e outro sobre a Região Amazônica (impactos dos processos de migração e colonização) 21 .…”

Brazilian mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) fauna: I. Anopheles species from Porto Velho, Rondônia state, western Amazon, Brazil

“…In addition to climate factors and regional flora and fauna, factors affecting oviposition, feeding and survival of a species include environmental determinants that may be associated to both human activities and alterations in land use. Thus, road construction, mining, human settlements, hydroelectric damming, agriculture and cattle farms have indirectly propitiated increasing in the incidence of human malaria 9,17,18,33,35 .…”

Malária e aspectos hematológicos em moradores da área de influência dos futuros reservatórios das hidrelétricas de Santo Antônio e Jirau, Rondônia, Brasil

“…Para o Estado de Rondônia, estão planejadas a construção de seis UHE (Jirau, Santo Antônio, Madeira Binacional, Monte Cristo, Ávila e Ji-Paraná) e duas PCH (Cachimbo e Alta Floresta), que irão atingir 12 áreas indígenas, além de outras 21 no Estado do Amazonas, totalizando uma área de 3.731,919km 2 , e 5.784 habitantes 2 .…”