Effect of ractopamine on the chemical and physical characteristics of pacu(Piaractus mesopotamicus) steaks

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate the use of ractopamine (RAC) in the diet for pacu (Piaractus mesopotaminus) in the finishing phase on some quality parameters of the fillets. Thirty-five animals weighing 0.868±0.168kg were distributed in a completely randomised design with five treatments (0.0 -control; 11.25, 22.50, 33.75 and 45 ppm of RAC) and seven replicates with two fillets obtained from the same animal. The diets were isocaloric and isoprotein and experimental time was 90 days. RAC did not affect (P>0.05) the initial pH or ph after 24 hours of the fillets. Compared to the control, RAC increased (P<0.05) the moisture content of the fillets in natura and lipid oxidation of samples stored for 12 days in the refrigerator or freezer for 60 days. The RAC in 11.25 ppm reduced (P<0.05) the lipid content, while 45 ppm reduced (P<0.05) the crude protein in the fillets. Considering only RAC, there was a linear increase (P<0.05) in the lipid content (P<0.05) and a linear reduction in crude protein and weight loss after cooking the fillets. There was a quadratic effect (P<0.05) on the ash content, weight loss and lipid oxidation in fillets stored in the refrigerator or freezer. A RAC dose of 33.75 ppm resulted in a lower lipid oxidation index. In conclusion, ractopamine at 11.25 ppm is effective for reducing the fat content in fillets of pacu, although it increases the formation of peroxides in samples kept in the freezer for longer than 60 days. At 33.75 ppm, ractopamine is effective in reducing the effect of oxidation during storage in the refrigerator or freezer.Keywords: fish, lipid oxidation, animal production, fillet quality (0,0 -controle; 11,25; 22,50; 33,75 RESUMO O objetivo foi avaliar a influência do uso de ractopamina na alimentação de pacus (Piaractus mesopotaminus) na fase de terminação sobre alguns parâmetros de qualidade dos filés. Trinta e cinco animais com peso de 0,868±0,168kg foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com cinco tratamentos

Metabolic and histologic responses of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) fed diets supplemented with increasing concentrations of ractopamine

“…The average ash content determined in pacu fillets in this study was similar to the values reported by Bicudo et al (2010) and Oliveira et al (2014), who also determined the chemical composition of P. mesopotamicus fillets. Similarly, Bicudo et al, (2012) did not observe differences in crude protein and ash contents in fillet of pacu juveniles fed diets supplemented with ractopamine in concentrations of up to 40.00 mg kg −1 .…”

“…However, pacu has a higher content of body fat mainly in the finishing rearing phase (Bicudo et al, 2010). As this is an undesirable feature by most consumers, it is necessary to establish strategies to reduce fat deposition in the carcasses of P. mesopotamicus (Oliveira et al, 2014).…”

“…As there is no global consensus on ractopamine use in meat production, the scientific community needs to generate more information about the safety and animal performance effectiveness of this beta-adrenergic agonist. In this context, there are few studies about the use of ractopamine in diets for pacu (Bicudo et al, 2012;Oliveira et al, 2014), signaling the need for further work in this area.…”

Effect of ractopamine on Nile tilapia in the end of grow-out period

“…In protein metabolism, it may have an anabolic effect, hypertrophy of muscle fibers, and frequency changes in the type of muscle fibers (Beermann and Dunshea, 2005). Ractopamine has been tested in few species of fish, such as channel catfish Lovell, 1993, 1995) Dugan et al, 2003;Lortie et al, 2004;Haji-Abadi et al, 2010), pacu (Bicudo et al, 2012;Oliveira et al, 2014), and Hungarian carp (Devens et al, 2012). Thus, further studies are needed to test it in fishes of economic importance, such as the Nile tilapia, to determine the optimal dosage and time of supplementation.…”

Combined effect of dietary l ‐carnitine and ractopamine supplementation on growth and nutritional composition of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822)

“…Therefore, if there is an insufficient amount of l-carnitine this will restrict the transfer of fatty acid which results in limited energy production. Dietary supplementation of ractopamine has been found to be significant effect on growth and body composition by reducing fat and increasing protein in muscle in several fish species such as rohu (Satpathy et al, 2001); channel catfish (Mustin & Lovell, 1993); blue catfish (Webster et al, 1995); rainbow trout (Haji-Abadi et al, 2010); pacu (Oliveira et al, 2014); and Hungarian carp (Devens et al, 2012).…”