Parâmetros da fermentação ruminal e concentração de derivados de purina de vacas em lactação alimentadas com castanha de caju

“…As observed in our in vitro assay, tannins from macrotiloma apparently did not reduce ruminal degradation of proteins in our in vivo ATTD assay. For the proper development of microbes, NH 3 ‐N levels should be in the range of 5–20 mg/dl (Leng, ; Pimentel et al., ). In both experiments here, the levels observed in the presence of macrotiloma remained between 11 and 13 mg/dl, showing that this legume was capable of meeting the requirements of rumen microbes for this parameter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional evaluation of the legume Macrotyloma axillare using in vitro and in vivo bioassays in sheep

Lima

Moreira

Sakita

et al. 2017

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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This study consisted of two experiments with the following objectives: to evaluate the effects of tannins from the tropical legume macrotiloma (Macrotyloma axillare) on total gas and methane (CH ) production, as well as on ruminal fermentation parameters by performing an in vitro bioassay, with samples incubated with and without polyethylene glycol (PEG) in a semi-automatic system; and secondly in a 17 day in vivo experiment, to determine apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dietary nutrients and ruminal fermentation parameters of 12 intact 8- to 9-month-old Santa Inês (averaging 24.95 ± 1.8 kg body weight) ewes fed tropical grass hay supplemented with macrotiloma hay. The ewes were divided into two treatment groups depending on their diet: chopped aruana grass hay (Panicum maximum cv. Aruana) (control-CON); and aruana grass hay supplemented with chopped macrotiloma hay (macrotiloma-MAC). The animals were kept for 5 consecutive days in metabolic cages for the ATTD assay, and at the end of this period, samples of rumen fluid were collected from each ewe to determine ammoniacal nitrogen (NH -N) and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, and protozoa count. For the in vitro assay, a decrease in total gas and CH production was observed for samples incubated without PEG (p < .05). No differences were observed for the other parameters evaluated (p > .05). In the in vivo experiment, increased intake and ATTD of crude protein were observed for the animals fed MAC when compared to CON (p < .05). For rumen fermentation parameters, increased NH -N, total SCFA and isobutyrate concentrations, as well as reduced protozoa count were observed for MAC when compared to CON (p < .05). The results observed here indicated the potential of macrotiloma for use as a ruminant feed, and antimethanogenic potential of this plant was noted.

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“…An ethereal extract content higher in the diet containing 30% BNC possibly explains the acetic to propionic acids molar ratio, which decreased with BNC inclusion in the diet. Pimentel et al (2012) observed that the acetate to propionate ratio was not affected by cashew nuts addition to the diet and Vargas et al (2002) observed a decrease in acetate to propionate ratio of 3.09:2.93, suggesting that unsaturated lipid supply (ground soybean grain and soybean oil) inhibited gram-positive ruminal bacteria and stimulated those that produce propionate. Inc.: inclusion; 0¹: acetic to propionic acids ratio before first feeding; R²: coefficient of determination (%); CV: coefficient of variation (%); NS: not significant.…”

Section: Ruminal Parametersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fermentation kinetics and ruminal parameters of animals fed diets containing Brazil nut cake inclusion levels

Budel¹,

Ramos²,

Araújo³

et al. 2017

SCA

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The inclusion effect of 0 (control), 15, 30, 45, 60, and 100% dry matter (DM) of Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.) cake (BNC) aiming at replacing corn silage was assessed on fermentation kinetics and effective degradability (ED) by means of in vitro gas production at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. A randomized block design was used with six treatments, three blocks, and two replications per block. France's model was fit to the data. An in vivo experiment, conducted in fistulated ovine, assessed the effects of BNC inclusion levels of 0, 15, 30, and 45% DM replacing corn silage on ruminal parameters. Ruminal fluid samples were collected postprandial at 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 h for determining the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), pH, and N-NH 3 . A completely randomized design with repeated measures in time was used, with four treatments and three replications. Results of acetate, propionate, butyrate, acetate to propionate ratio, pH, and NH 3 were submitted to analysis of variance and regression (linear and quadratic) considering treatment, time and interaction of both. In addition, the F test with a 5% (P < 0.05) significance level was applied to the data. Fermentation kinetics pattern and ED presented a linear decreasing (P < 0.05), which means a decrease in total gas production at each coproduct inclusion level. No interaction effect between treatment and time was observed for total SCFA (P > 0.40), acetic acid (P > 0.41), propionic acid (P > 0.85), butyric acid (P > 0.62) and pH (P > 0.57). BNC replacements of 0, 15, 30 and 45% did not change (P > 0.05) total SCFA concentration, as well as acetic acid concentration in ovine. When including 45% DM of BNC, concentrations (mMol/100 mL) of propionic (P < 0.001) and butyric (P < 0.022) acids was reduced in the ruminal fluid. The highest concentrations at measurement times were observed 4 hours after feeding. The pH values presented a quadratic effect on both inclusion (P < 0.001) and time (P < 0.001). An interaction was observed between treatment and time for N-NH 3 concentration (mg/ml) (P < 0.001) and acetic to propionic acids ratio (P < 0.014). Fermentation kinetics was negatively affected by Brazil nut cake inclusion to corn silage-based diet. Therefore, the use of this coproduct is recommended associated with non-structural carbohydrate sources. ResumoAvaliou-se o efeito da inclusão da torta da amêndoa de castanha-do-pará (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.) -(TAC) nas proporções 0 (controle), 15, 30, 45, 60 e 100% da matéria seca (MS) em substituição à silagem de milho (SM), sobre a cinética de fermentação e a degradabilidade efetiva (DE), através da produção de gases in vitro, nos tempos 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72 e 96 horas. Utilizou-se delineamento em blocos casualizado, com seis tratamentos, três blocos e duas repetições por bloco. O modelo de France foi ajustado aos dados. Ensaio in vivo, conduzido em ovinos fistulados, avaliou-se a influência da TAC nos níveis 0, 15, 30 e 45% (MS), em substituição à silagem de milho, sobre ...

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Parâmetros da fermentação ruminal e concentração de derivados de purina de vacas em lactação alimentadas com castanha de caju

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Kinetic and in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics of copra meal diets with different fat levels

Kinetic and in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics of copra meal diets with different fat levels

Nutritional evaluation of the legume Macrotyloma axillare using in vitro and in vivo bioassays in sheep

Fermentation kinetics and ruminal parameters of animals fed diets containing Brazil nut cake inclusion levels

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