A quick review of the production and commercialization of the main vegetables in Brazil and the world from 1970 to 2015

Abstract

In the biennium 2013-14, the world produced 1,134.27 million tons of vegetables annually. The production of garlic, onion, potato, tomato and watermelon accounted for 66.5% of the total. Brazil, in 2012, considering 40 vegetables, produced around 23 million tons, in 900.0 thousand hectares. Potatoes, tomatoes (table and processing), onions, watermelons, carrots, sweet potatoes, lettuce and cabbage, the main vegetables in Brazil, accounted for 64.0% of the total. This work presents the evolution of production, commercialization, and availability of garlic, onions, potatoes, tomatoes and watermelons in Brazil and in the world. In Brazil, the work focused on two distinct periods: 1970-1990 {when the Support Program for Production and Commercialization of Horticultural Products (PROHORT) was implemented} and 1990-2012 (the globalization period). In 13 years (1977-1990), PROHORT succeeded in inducing the modernization of production of fruits, vegetables, and poultry products, enabling the sector to compete in the world market, especially after 1990, with the market opening and the establishment of MERCOSUR. In the 22-year period from 1990-2012, despite the initial difculties with the commercial opening and internal economic instabilities, production and availability of garlic, onion, potato, tomato and watermelon continued to evolve in Brazil. The horticultural sector advanced in incorporating technologies and in modernizing, stimulated by the market expansion due to both the population growth (33%) observed in Brazil in this period and real gains in Brazilians’ income owed to inflation control. In the world scenario, the work discusses the same aspects for these fve vegetables in the period 2001-2013. The analysis of the initial and fnal triennia of this period showed vegetable production increasing 30.3% in the world and 24.4% in Brazil. In both contexts, gains in yield were the main driver of expansion of production, and yield increase came mainly from the use of improved cultivars, especially hybrids.

A new virus found in garlic virus complex is a member of possible novel genus of the family Betaflexiviridae (order Tymovirales)

“…Garlic ( Allium sativum L.) is one of the most consumed vegetables in the world with triennial world production (2011–13) of over 23 million tons (Camargo-Filho & Camargo, 2015). Since garlic cultivation is based on vegetative propagation, viruses can accumulate after successive planting cycles and spread to different regions by contaminated bulbs (Conci, Canavelli & Lunello, 2003).…”

Genetic diversity of the breeding collection of tomato varieties in Kazakhstan assessed using SSR, SCAR and CAPS markers

“…Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a representative plant species of the Solanaceae family, which includes a number of important vegetable and technical crops. Tomato is one of the most popular vegetable crops all over the world, as well as the closely related species, potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) ( Camargo Filho & Camargo, 2017 ).…”

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) as inductor of growth and flowering in tomato

“…Even in this context, with a peak in 2020, in 2021 there were small percentage changes of -0.70% and 1.2% for production and harvested area, respectively (https://sidra.ibge.gov.br/home / lspa / brasil), consolidating the tomato culture as being important in the economic scenario of vegetable production in Brazil. Tomato production in Brazil is mainly concentrated in the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Goiás (CAMARGO FILHO and CAMARGO, 2017). In addition to the economic issue, tomatoes stand out for their nutritional importance, as they are a source of vitamins A and C, minerals and antioxidant properties.…”