Culicoides latreille (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) in brazilian amazon. V: efficiency of traps and baits and vertical stratification in the forest reserve adolpho ducke

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Monthly catches were caITied out during five days/month in the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve (Manaus, Amazonas), from FebruaIy 1990 to JanuaIY 1991 in order to assess the sand fly fauna of that region, evaluate the atractivity of these insects with regard to different kinds of traps and baits and to know vertical stratification of these insects. The traps and baits used in catches were: Disney traps with baits: Didelphis sp., Gallus sp. and Mesocricetus sp.; CDC light traps at three vertical levels (I m, 5m and 10m); Suspended trap (5m) and Malaise trap (I m) and catches on bases of tree-trunks. The most efficient type was the CDC. Malaise and Suspended did not collect specimens of Culicoides Latreille, 1809. The Disney traps with baits only attracted specimens of C jusipalpis Wirth & Blanton, 1973 . In vertical stratification, the CDC trap placed at I m caught 898 specimens of nine species; at 5m 895 specimens were collected which belonged to 13 species; and at 10m 224 specimens of 14 species were collected. Two thousand and fotty-six specimens of Culicoides were captured, being about 5,66% males and 94,34% females, which belonged to 17 different species; the most frequent were Cjusipalpis (43,05%), followed by C pseudodiabolicus Fox , 1946 (32,79%), C hylas Macfie, 1940 (12,31%) and Cjoxi Ortiz, 1950 (3,71%) . The other 13 species totalized 8, 15%.

Structure and organization of an avian haemosporidian assemblage in a Neotropical savanna in Brazil

“…Complicating matters is the documented variation in vertical stratification among blood-sucking dipterans and the fact that we do not know which species are competent in vectoring avian haemosporidia in our locality. That is, some species are more abundant in the canopy and others at ground level (Derraik et al 2005), age composition varies vertically between mosquito species (Snow and Wilkes, 1977), and although overall diversity of Culicoides increases with height, the abundance of some species is higher towards the ground (Veras and Castellón, 1998). Without knowledge of avian haemosporidian vector species at our site, or their particular vertical stratification pattern, we cannot reject the general hypothesis that vertical stratification of vectors influences haemosporidian prevalence in the vertebrate host.…”

Espécies de Culicoides (Diptera; Ceratopogonidae) e hospedeiros potenciais em área de ecoturismo do Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses, Brasil

“…Destes, destacase o gênero Culicoides Latreille, 1809, um grupo cosmopolita (ausente apenas na Antártica e na Nova Zelândia) que contém 1.322 espécies formalmente descritas distribuídas no mundo, das quais pelo menos 266 ocorrem na Região Neotropical 2,3 . No Brasil são conhecidas pelo menos 103 espécies 4,5 , das quais 82 ocorrem na Amazônia brasileira 1,3,5,6,7 , sendo que a maioria dos levantamentos entomológicos voltados para o conhecimento da diversidade desse gênero foi feita nos Estados do Amazonas 8,9,10,11,12 e Pará 13,14,15,16 . Em áreas extra-amazônicas do Brasil, estudos dessa natureza ainda são poucos, tendo-se conhecimento dos inquéritos entomológicos realizados nos estados de Minas Gerais 17 e Rio de Janeiro, onde já foi registrada a ocorrência de pelo menos 25 espécies 18 .…”

Hematophagous biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Tefé municipality, Amazonas state, Brazil

“…This study identified C. hylas as the most abundant species in Tefé municipality, and this species has also been identified as the most abundant in other regions of Amazonas state, including Manaus and São Gabriel da Cachoeira (Veras and Castellón 1998;Silva and Bermúdez 2009), and C. hylas is not currently considered a species of medical importance. Of the species collected in this study, nine have anthropophilic habits: C. benarrochi, C.…”

“…Studies in Amazonas state have been conducted primarily in "terra firme" environments (Castellón and Ferreira 1991;Veras and Castellón 1998;Veras 2001;Silva and Bermúdez 2009). In "várzea" environments, Culicoides fauna remains largely unknown.…”