Himenópteros associados a Solanum gilo raddi (Solanaceae)

Abstract

ABSTRACT. HVMENOPTERA ASSOCIATED TO SOLA NUM GILO (SOLANACEAE). The Hymenoptera fauna associated to SOI0/111111 gilo was studied. There were 21 species of Hymenoptera from eight families . It was observed Homaloty/1Isflami/1us (Dalman, 1820) (EncYltidae) parasiting the adu1ts of Cyc/o/1eda sanguinea Linnaeus, 1763 (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) and Chalcididae parasiting caterpillars of Mechallitis po/ymnia casabranca Haensch, 1905 (Lepidoptera, NYl1lphalidae, Ithol1liinae, Sthomiinae). Vespidae were observed preying both M po/ymnia casabranca and Diabrotica speciosa Germar, 1824 (Coleoptera, Chlysomel idae) adults. Halictidae, Andrenidae and Anthophoridae, were observed visiting flowers and Trigona spinipes (Fabricius, 1793) (Apidae) anack ing fruits and stel1l apices. The most abundant Hymenoptera were FOImicidae; Crematogaster sp. and Camponotus ru/ipes (Fabricus, 1775) were observed in protocooperation relation with Homoptera, the main cause of plant mOltality was So/enopsis saevissima (Sm ith , 1855). Higher population density of Formicidae occurred on the tinal phase ofcu lti vation, when there were high insolation and temperature and low pluvial precipitations.

Entomofauna associada ao cultivo do cubiu (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal) no município de Benjamin Constant, Amazonas, Brasil

“…Em estudos sobre a fauna de Hymenoptera associada ao cultivo do jiló (Solanum gilo Raddi) PiCanço et al (1997) identificaram oito famílias, sendo que as mais abundantes foram Formicidae e Vespidae com nove e seis espécies, respectivamente. Todos os Hymenoptera registrados neste estudo formam um importante grupo de insetos que podem ser utilizados em programas de manejo ecológico ou manejo integrado de pragas (gallo et al 2002;tavareS & arauJo 2007), pois Formicidae e Vespidae são predominantemente espécies predadores enquanto Chalcididae são parasitóides.…”

Megalopodidae (Insecta, Coleoptera): new occurrence and host plant records for Brazil

“…(A.) flavomaculatus was one of the most abundant species associated with the scarlet eggplant plant (Solanum gilo Raddi) where its larvae were found boring into the branch bases (Picanço et al, 1999). This species is widely distributed in Brazil and has been recorded in the states of Goiás, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, and from São Paulo to Rio Grande do Sul, in addition to Paraguay and Argentina (Carvalho & Monné, 2006).…”

“…For example, some studies consider Agathomerus (Euagathomerus) sellatus (Germar, 1823) and A. (Agathomeroides) flavomaculatus (Klug, 1845) as secondary pests of tomatoes, scarlet eggplant, and peppers, mainly damaging leaves, stems, and shoots (Tella, 1952;Lima, 1955;Vernalha et al, 1968;Santos, 1981;Picanço et al, 1999;Almeida et al, 2009;Modolon et al, 2013).…”

Development and survival of Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on wild and cultivated solanaceae

“…The yield losses in tomato are estimated between 79% (Miranda et al, 2005) and 90% (Carneiro et al, 1998;Silva et al, 2019aSilva et al, , 2019b) which shows the good adaptation of N. elegantalis to this host. In scarlet eggplant, larvae of N. elegantalis were found drilling down the fruits and leaving them completely hollow, causing severe direct economic losses to the production (Picanço et al, 1997).…”

“…The small tomato fruit borer, Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is an oligophagous pest that attacks fruits of the family Solanaceae. It is widely distributed in Central and South America (EPPO, 2015), infesting most solanaceous of economic importance, such as tomato, eggplant, pepper and scarlet eggplant (Picanço et al, 1997;EPPO, 2015). Economic losses in general are more expressive in tomato crops (Picanço et al, 1998;Arcanjo et al, 2021) because the damage is caused directly to the fruits (Silva et al, 2017b).…”