ABSTRACT. Biology and ecology ofAnlflOdioctes moratoi Urban (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae, Anthidiini) in continuous forests and forest fragments in Central Amazonia, BraziJ. An/hodioc/es mora/oi Urban, 1999 was described based on specimens collecled in lhe slate of Amazonas during a study ofthe ecology oftrap-nesting bees and wasps. Sampling was done between 1988 and 1990 north ofManaus, in areas of the "Forest Fragment Biological Dynamics Project". Wooden lrap-nests were seI in dilTerent heights inside continuous forests, foresl ti'agmenls of differenl sizes, natural gaps inside continuous forest, and in c1eared areas between forest fragments. A total of61 nests were collected from which 33 males and 46 females emerged. The majority oI' nests was collected in continuous forests, at 15 m heighl, in holes 4.8 mm in diameter. No nest was collected in cleared areas. There was no correlation, neither belween number ofnests and monthly precipitation, nor belween the monlhly nllmber of nests constructed in the IWO conseclllive years. No nesl was conslructed belween JanllaJY and Jllne 1989. Overall, lhis coincided wilh lhe period ofleast activity ofother trap-nesting bees in the sllldieel areas. The nests consisted 01' a linear series 01' brooel cells with walls made ofresinolls materialmixeel with small wood chips. The average length of lhe provisioned cell was 13,4 mm. Half 01' lhis lenglh was occupied by a pollcn mass. The nlll11ber ofprovisioned cells varied between two and nine. In 52% 01' the nesls lhere was brood morlalily in aI least one cell. The phorid f1y Phalacr%-phol'O (Omapan/a) sp. was lhe only nest associale, emerged, Irom just one cell.