A study on the short-term effect of cafeteria diet and pioglitazone on insulin resistance and serum levels of adiponectin and ghrelin

Abstract

The interaction between ghrelin and adiponectin is still controversial. We investigated the effect of cafeteria diet and pioglitazone on body weight, insulin resistance, and adiponectin/ghrelin levels in an experimental study on male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into four groups of 6 rats each, and received balanced chow with saline (CHOW-O) or pioglitazone (CHOW-P), or a cafeteria diet with saline (CAFE-O) or pioglitazone (CAFE-P). The chow/cafeteria diets were administered for 35 days, and saline/pioglitazone (10 mg·kg body weight -1 ·day -1 ) was added in the last 14 days prior to euthanasia. CAFE-O animals had a higher mean final weight (372.5 ± 21.01 g) than CHOW-O (317.66 ± 25.11 g, P = 0.017) and CHOW-P (322.66 ± 28.42 g, P = 0.035) animals. Serum adiponectin levels were significantly higher in CHOW-P (55.91 ± 20.62 ng/mL) than in CHOW-O (30.52 ± 6.97 ng/mL, P = 0.014) and CAFE-O (32.54 ± 9.03 ng/mL, P = 0.027) but not in CAFE-P. Higher total serum ghrelin levels were observed in CAFE-P compared to CHOW-P animals (1.65 ± 0.69 vs 0.65 ± 0.36 ng/mL, P = 0.006). Likewise, acylated ghrelin levels were higher in CAFE-P (471.52 ± 195.09 pg/mL) than in CHOW-P (193.01 ± 87.61 pg/mL, P = 0.009) and CAFE-O (259.44 ± 86.36 pg/mL, P = 0.047) animals. In conclusion, a cafeteria diet can lead to a significant weight gain. Although CAFE-P animals exhibited higher ghrelin levels, this was probably related to food deprivation rather than to a direct pharmacological effect, possibly attenuating the increase in adiponectin levels.

Can lychee reducing the adipose tissue mass in rats?

“…Eguchi et al (2008) 22 reported that rats fed with hypercaloric diet usually ingest a higher amount of food when compared to animals that received standard pellets diet, resulting in an increase on body weight. Although the cafeteria diet is a good model for induction of obesity in animals, it can promote a voluntary hyperphagia owing to its palatability 23 . However, this behavior was not observed in our study because the rats fed with hypercaloric diet demonstrated a lower consumption rate than the control group (C) during the experimental weeks of the 4-week trial.…”

Evaluation of immunohistochemical expression of ghrelin-producing rectal cells in Wistar rats underwent to the cafeteria diet

“…Recently, the same diet was used for a period of 35 days (short-term) by Colombo et al 16 in research on effect on insulin resistance and serum levels of adiponectin and ghrelin and showed a significant weight gain on the cafeteria group when compared with controls. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the impact of cafeteria diet on the amount of rectal ghrelin producing cells and analyzed the morphological cell type found in the rectum by imunohistochemical method.…”