A routine electrocardiogram cannot be used to determine the size of myocardial infarction in the rat

Bonilha, Andre; Saraiva, Roberto Magalhães; Kanashiro, Rosemeire M.; Portes, Leslie Andrews; Antônio, Ednei Luiz; Tucci, Paulo José Ferreira

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2005000400016

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Coronary artery ligation is often used to produce experimental myocardial infarction (MI) (1)(2)(3). Since MI size is a determinant of cardiac remodeling and dysfunction (4,5), establishing the correct quantification of infarction is of critical importance.…”

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Determination of myocardial infarction size in rats by echocardiography and tetrazolium staining: correlation, agreements, and simplifications

Santos

Mello

Antônio

et al. 2008

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and echocardiography (ECHO) are methods used to determine experimental myocardial infarction (MI) size, whose practical applicability should be expanded. Our objectives were to analyze the accuracy of ECHO in determining infarction size in rats during the first days following coronary occlusion and to test whether a simplified single measurement by TTC correctly indicates MI size, as determined by the average value for multiple slices. Infarction was induced in female Wistar rats by coronary artery occlusion and MI size analysis was performed after the acute (7th day) and chronic periods (after 4 weeks) by ECHO matched with TTC. ECHO and TTC showed similar values of MI size (% of left ventricle perimeter) in acute (ECHO: 33 ± 11, TTC: 35 ± 14) and chronic (ECHO: 38 ± 14, TTC: 39 ± 13 periods), and also presented an excellent correlation (r = 0.92, P < 0.001). Although measurements from different heart planes showed discrepancies, a single measurement acquired from the mid-ventricular level by TTC was a good estimate of MI size calculated by the average of multiple planes, with minimal disagreement (Bland-Altman test with mean ratio bias of 0.99 ± 0.07) and close to an ideal correlation (r = 0.99, P < 0.001). In the present study, ECHO was confirmed as a useful method for the determination of MI size even in the acute phase. Also, the single measure of a mid-ventricular section proposed as a simplification of the TTC method is a satisfactory prediction of average MI extension. Coronary artery ligation is often used to produce experimental myocardial infarction (MI) (1-3). Since MI size is a determinant of cardiac remodeling and dysfunction (4,5), establishing the correct quantification of infarction is of critical importance. It has been proven that in vivo echocardiogram (ECHO) satisfactorily predicts infarct size in rats when healing has occurred (6,7); however, no data exist regarding ECHO accuracy during earlier periods. In addition, histopathology does not present the desirable sensitivity for necrosis during the initial hours after coronary occlusion, while histochemical triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining has proven to be useful and appears to be simpler and less expensive (8,9). Accordingly, the objectives of the present study were: 1) to define the accuracy of ECHO in determining MI size during acute and chronic periods compared to TTC staining, and 2) to determine whether a single measurement of MI size in a mid-ventricular section correctly indicates the infarct extension determined by multiple planes.

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“…All (2,6,7) in 116 anesthetized female Wistar rats (180-210 g). The following protocols were performed on the 7th day (acute period, A) and 4 weeks after coronary occlusion (chronic period, C).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of myocardial infarction size in rats by echocardiography and tetrazolium staining: correlation, agreements, and simplifications

Santos

Mello

Antônio

et al. 2008

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Similarly, Bonilha et al reported that the loss of R wave amplitude did not predict the SIA ≥40%. 15 We found that ST segment was elevated in the ECG taken at the end of CAL, and it was persisted with a similar level until six hours after the procedure. ST segment elevation was used in some studies to confirm the occurrence of myocardial infarction following CAL.…”

Section: Presence Of An Infarct Area Equal To or Greater Than 20%mentioning

confidence: 52%

“…15 Normann et al reported that pathological Q wave can occur as early as 2 hours after coronary artery occlusion in rats. 13 Pimentel et al reported that the presence of Q wave one day after CAL confirms the success of the procedure, and there is a significant linear correlation between the depth of Q wave and the extent of infarction.…”

Section: Presence Of An Infarct Area Equal To or Greater Than 20%mentioning

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The Importance of ECG, Cardiac Troponin T and High Sensitive C Reactive Protein in Predicting the Extent of Experimental Myocardial Infarction in Rats

Aşgün¹,

Bağla²,

Ercan³

2017

Turkiye Klinikleri J Lab Anim

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A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: :To analyze the predictive value of ECG variables, cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and high-sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in estimating the degree of experimental myocardial infarction in the living rats before euthanasia. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : Permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery was performed to develop acute myocardial infarction in 4-month-old male Wistar rats (n=18). Saline (n=5), low-dose erythropoietin (5 000 U.kg−1, n=6) and high-dose erythropoietin (10 000 U.kg−1, n=7) were administered intraperitoneally after the ligation to obtain varying degree of infarction. ECG records were taken before (phase 1), at the end of (phase 2), and at 6 hours after the ligation (phase 3). cTnT and hsCRP levels were measured in phase 3. The size of infarct area was calculated with planimetry on a single midventricular slice stained with triphenyltetrazolium chloride. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : The height of ST segment in phase 2, the Q/R and ST/R ratios measured in phase 3, and the Q/R ratio difference between phases 2 and 3 were found to be associated with the large infarct area. The cutoff values estimated for these variables were capable of predicting the presence of an infarct area ≥40%. cTnT and hsCRP levels were unsuccessful in estimating the size of infarction. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : The variables of a 3-lead ECG may have a predictive value in estimating the presence of large infarction before euthanasia. ST segment elevation may be significantly different as early as the first-half hour of coronary ligation. The levels of cTnT and hsCRP are not associated with the size of infarction, and do not have a predictive value.K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Myocardial infarction; erythropoietin; troponin t; c-reactive protein; electrocardiography Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : EKG değişkenleri, kardiyak troponin T (cTnT) ve yüksek duyarlıklı C reaktif protein (hsCRP) seviyelerinin, ratlarda oluşturulan deneysel miyokard infarktüsü derecesini ötenazi önce-sinde canlı hayvanda belirlenmesi için kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılmasıdır. G Ge er re eç ç v ve eY Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Dört aylık erkek Wistar ratlarda (n=18) akut miyokard infarktüsü oluşturmak için sol ön inen koroner artere kalıcı ligasyon uygulandı. Değişen büyüklüklerde infarktüs alanı elde etmek için ligasyon sonrası salin (n=5), düşük doz eritropoietin (5000 U.kg−1, n=6) ve yüksek doz eritropoietin (10000 U.kg−1, n=7) periton içine uygulandı. Ligasyon öncesinde (faz 1), ligasyon işlemi sonunda (faz 2) ve ligasyondan 6 saat sonra (faz 3) 3 elektrotlu EKG kayıtları alındı. cTnT ve hsCRP seviyeleri faz 3'de ölçüldü. İnfarktüs alanı, ventrikül ortasından alınan ve trifeniltetrazolyum klorür ile boyanan tek kesitte planimetri yöntemiyle hesaplandı. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Faz 2'de ST segment yüksekliği, faz 3'de Q/R ve ST/R oranları ile faz 2 ve faz 3 arasında Q/R oranları farkı, büyük infarktüs alanı varlığı ile ilişkil...

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Cambios en el ECG y la actividad enzimática en corazón de rata tras infarto de miocardio: efecto de la TPP y del MnCl2

Tylicki

Czerniecki

Godlewska

et al. 2008

J. Physiol. Biochem.

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Heart infarction is one of the main causes of death in the human population. Assurance of a sufficient level of bioenergetic processes is very important for the heart after infarction. Mn2+ as well as thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) are positive effectors of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) and the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDH), both of which play a very important role in the Krebs cycle. Thus, we have established the effect of MnCl2 (10mg/kg) and TPP (20mg/kg)--4 injections every 12 h--on the activity of PDH, OGDH, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH). Additionally, we perform an analysis of ECG to affirm the changes in the heart electrophysiology of healthy rats after MnCl2 and TPP treatment. We then analyzed changes in the activity of these enzymes after experimental myocardial infarction in rats. We observed a decrease of OGDH and MDH activity in rat hearts after infarction in comparison with sham-operated rats. Treatment of healthy rats with MnCl2 caused an increase of OGDH activity. Moreover both MnCl2 and TPP caused an increase of PDH activity and a decrease of MDH activity (TPP revealed a stronger effect). We found no changes in LDH activity. Electrocardiography data showed a slight shortening of the QT interval and an enhanced heartbeat rate after treatment with MnCl2. TPP caused only elongation of the QT interval. In conclusion, application of MnCl2 enhanced the activity of some very important enzymes in the respiration process (PDH and OGDH). This effect, connected with enhanced heartbeat and a slightly shortened ventricle relaxation, may have potential application during the key period of convalescence following heart infarction.

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A routine electrocardiogram cannot be used to determine the size of myocardial infarction in the rat

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Determination of myocardial infarction size in rats by echocardiography and tetrazolium staining: correlation, agreements, and simplifications

Determination of myocardial infarction size in rats by echocardiography and tetrazolium staining: correlation, agreements, and simplifications

The Importance of ECG, Cardiac Troponin T and High Sensitive C Reactive Protein in Predicting the Extent of Experimental Myocardial Infarction in Rats

Cambios en el ECG y la actividad enzimática en corazón de rata tras infarto de miocardio: efecto de la TPP y del MnCl2

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