Effect of chronic fish oil supplementation on renal function of normal and cachectic rats

Abstract

In the present study we determined the effect of chronic diet supplementation with n-3 PUFA on renal function of healthy and cachectic subjects by providing fish oil (1 g/kg body weight) to female rats throughout pregnancy and lactation and then to their offspring postweaning and examined its effect on renal function parameters during their adulthood. The animals were divided into four groups of 5-10 rats in each group: control, control supplemented with fish oil (P), cachectic Walker 256 tumor-bearing (W), and W supplemented with fish oil (WP). Food intake was significantly lower in the W group compared to control (12.66 ± 4.24 vs 25.30 ± 1.07 g/day). Treatment with fish oil significantly reversed this reduction (22.70 ± 2.94 g/day). Tumor growth rate was markedly reduced in the P group (16.41 ± 2.09 for WP vs 24.06 ± 2.64 g for W). WP group showed a significant increase in mean glomerular filtration rate compared to P and control (1.520 ± 0.214 ml min -1 kg body weight -1 ; P < 0.05). Tumor-bearing groups had low urine osmolality compared to control rats. The fractional sodium excretion decreased in the W group compared to control (0.43 ± 0.16 vs 2.99 ± 0.87%; P < 0.05), and partially recovered in the WP group (0.90 ± 0.20%). In summary, the chronic supplementation with fish oil used in this study increased the amount of fat in the diet by only 0.1%, but caused remarkable changes in tumor growth rate and cachexia, also showing a renoprotective function.

Quantitative analysis of the renal aging in rats. Stereological study

“…Previous studies on renal aging in rats 13,14 had demonstrated gradual reduction of the clearance of creatinine overtime in rats at up to 18 months of age, corroborating with our finding of significantly inferior values of the serum creatinine in younger animals (group at 3 and 6 months of age)…”

Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of <em>Nigella sativa</em> crude oil and its blend with omega-3 fatty acid-rich oils in a modified hepatorenal syndrome model in rats

“…It was also shown previously that chronic supplementation of fish oil demonstrated a reno-protective effect (Fernandez et al, 2004) which confirms the present results.…”

“…Alterations in eicosanoid synthesis and metabolism are produced when concentrations of EPA and DHA increase in relation to AA. For example, the renal production of thromboxane A2 is elevated in several renal diseases and treatment with n-3 fatty acids reduced it (Fernandez et al, 2004).…”

Influence of cancer cachexia on drug liver metabolism and renal elimination in rats

“…Renal function in rats with cancer was investigated before, but the results are conflicting. [28][29][30] Some studies showed no decline in creatinine clearance or glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in cancer, 28,29 while others observed aggravation of renal function. 30 Interestingly, the study of Rettori et al showed an increase in creatinine clearance in moderate clinical phase of cancer that rapidly deteriorated in the terminal phase of illness.…”