Preeclampsia: from epidemiological observations to molecular mechanisms

López‐Jaramillo, Patricio; Casas, Juan P.; Serrano, Norma C.

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2001001000001

Cited by 74 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This is in agreement with the results of studies done in Colombia, where up to 42% of maternal deaths are from pre-eclampsia or eclampsia. (50) Preeclampsia and eclampsia probably account for more than 50,000 maternal deaths worldwide each year.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Mortality in cities of Iraq for Three Years

Kayat¹

2016

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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To Study the maternal mortality ratio in Thi-Qar, describe clinical characteristics and circumstances associated with maternal deaths, identification of the main cause of maternal death, study the risk factors leading to maternal death in Thi-Qar, & to assess the burden of complications related to pregnancy the coverage of key maternal health interventions. This was a cross sectional analytical study of the maternal death in Thi-Qar city, extended from 1 st January 2010 to the 31 th of December 2012. The sample included the 59 women, aged 15 49 years, who were classified as maternal deaths. Standard definitions of maternal mortality and direct cause of death and indirect causes were used. Non pregnancy related deaths were not included. The study was carried out in 2 central hospitals and 4 peripheral health centers. certain risk factors were studied by comparing maternal death among different categories (age, parity, place of delivery, type of delivery and residency, gestational age, maternal complications on admission, pregnancy stage, stage of labour, birth attendant at delivery, patient who referred from lower level clinical facilities or self referred from home or by a traditional birth attendant). The intention was to examine the certificates and compile two sets of data one for direct causes of death (e.g., infection, eclampsia, ruptured uterus) and another for indirect causes (e.g., Medical disorders). Where multiple causes of death were recorded, the primary cause was identified using available documentation and postmortem reports. For 2010, 2011, 2012 the maternal mortality ratios were 29, 36, 25per 100 000 live births respectively. The present study showed that the majority of the deaths were among women of the age group between 30 34 years in 2010, 2011 (31.6%, 37.5%) respectively and in 2012, the majority of deaths were among women of the age group between 35 39 years (31.3 %), the majority of the deaths were among multigravida 42.1%, 54.8%, 43.8% respectively, the majority of maternal deaths were in rural area 38 (46.4%), the majority of the deaths were at postpartum stage 54.2%, direct deaths accounted for the majority of deaths& the leading cause of direct death was postpartum haemorrahge, which account about 40.54% from the total % of direct death followed by antepartum haemorrahge and eclampsia 21.63, 21.63 respectively & showed the cardiac cause is the leading cause of indirect deaths was account 68.17% of the total indirect deaths. This study provides important information about a range of sociodemographic, clinical &health system factors,which are identified as possible contributors to Thi-Qar,poor progress towards reducing maternal mortality. We conclude that vital managerial change is required; including formulation of therapeutic protocols for primary obstetric health care services. Without these, our efforts will be useless, with little impact on saving women s live. K e y w o r d s MaternalMortality, different categories, risk factors

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Mortality in cities of Iraq for Three Years

Kayat¹

2016

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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“…57,58 PE is a complex, multifactorial pregnancy-specific condition involving genetic, environmental and behavioral factors. 59 Hyperhomocysteinemia has been associated with the development of PE, and the most common polymorphism associated with this condition is the thermolabile 677T allele of the MTHFR gene, which results in reduced enzyme activity and impaired homocysteine/folate metabolism, leading to moderate hyperhomocysteinemia. 5,60,61 The literature on the relationship between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and PE risk is replete with small studies reporting controversial findings, and no clear consensus has been reached.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism and susceptibility to pre-eclampsia

2012

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A number of studies have investigated the association between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and the risk of pre-eclampsia (PE) in various populations and have delivered inconsistent results. Therefore, this meta-analysis of 36 case-control studies, comprising 4253 PE cases and 4950 controls, were assessed to evaluate a possible association. The pooled results showed that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism was significantly associated with PE (P ¼ 0.03, odds ratio (OR) ¼ 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) ¼ 1.02-1.54, for the additive comparison; P ¼ 0.04, OR ¼ 1.14, 95% CI ¼ 1.01-1.29, for the dominant genetic model). The results of the subgroup analysis showed that MTHFR 677T had the effect of increasing the PE risk for the recessive genetic model (Po0.0001, OR ¼ 1.76, 95% CI ¼ 1.33-2.33, P heterogeneity ¼ 0.28), the additive comparison (P ¼ 0.002, OR ¼ 2.09, 95% CI ¼ 1.31-3.31, P heterogeneity ¼ 0.08) and allele contrasts (P ¼ 0.03, OR ¼ 1.42, 95% CI ¼ 1.04-1.95, P heterogeneity ¼ 0.0001) in the Asians, while no evidence of an association between MTHFR C677T polymorphisms and PE was observed in the Caucasians. This meta-analysis suggests that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism is capable of causing PE susceptibility in the Asians but not in the Caucasians.

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“…This syndrome occurs in 5-7% of pregnant women, although in some populations various economic, racial, geographic and/or social factors may increase the incidence ( 2 ). Although preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal death and a major contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity, its precise cause has not been completely elucidated ( 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%