Relação entre adiposidade, perfil energético, proteínas inflamatórias e lesões osteoarticulares em equinos jovens sobre diferentes sistemas de criação

Abstract

High carbohydrate diets are increasingly used in horse rearing systems. This can result in weight gain and fat accumulation in young horses. There is a growing incidence of juvenile osteoarthritis and other inflammatory conditions in overweight young horses that undergo intense physical exercise. The aim of this study was to associate corporal adiposity with energy profile, serum concentration of acute phase proteins and presence of osteo-articular lesion in the tarsal region of young horses raised in two different rearing systems: intensive system and extensive system. We evaluated 40 young horses 18 months old, 23 of them were females and 17 were males. Twenty horses were raised in the extensive rearing system and twenty horses were raised in intensive rearing system. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis and protein electrophoresis. Fat deposition on the crest of the neck, peritoneum and tailhead was measured by ultrasonography. Radiographic examination of the left tarsus was performed in 17 horses of the farm rearing system and in nine horses of the extensive rearing system. We observed higher levels of total cholesterol, LDL, glucose, serum amyloid A (SAA), transferrin, haptoglobin, acid glycoprotein and unidentified protein 23Kda in horses of the intensive system. These horses also showed higher fat deposition on the crest of the neck, peritoneum and tailhead than horses raised on extensive system. All horses on the intensive system group that underwent radiographic examination had lesions compatible with juvenile osteoarthritis while only 23% of the animals of the extensive system group showed such changes. With Fisher's exact test we observed that horses of the intensive rearing system are 105% more likely to develop osteoarthritis than horses of the extensive rearing system. With the Pearson correlation test we found a positive correlation between fat deposition on the crest of the neck and degree of articular injury. Fat deposition on the crest of the neck also showed a positive correlation with serum levels of LDL, glucose, acid glycoprotein, haptoglobin, transferrin and SAA. The SAA correlated with the thickness of retroperitoneal fat. There was a positive correlation between retroperitoneal fat deposition and presence of osteoarticular abnormalities. In conclusion, fat deposition on the crest of the neck has a correlation with energetic profile changes, cute phase proteins changes and with articular injuries. Levels of glucose, LDL cholesterol, acid glycoprotein, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin and 1 Recebido em 9 de julho de 2015.Aceito para publicação em 22 de agosto de 2016.

Vitamin D concentrations and biological biomarkers of lactating mares and foals in the dry season

“…This slight hypertriglyceridemia in foals may be a manifestation of hepatic immaturity at birth (Schmid and McDonagh 1978), or simply a result of the milk consumption, as TRIG are the most abundant lipids in milk (Beitz 1996). Amaral et al (2017) measured the adiposity between foals created during extensive and intensive regimens, and observed that the foals of the extensive system showed greater lipid mobilization, characterized by higher levels of TRIG and AGL, similar to findings of this study. Foals 10,46 ± 0,51 10,73 ± 0,22 11,23 ± 0,33 9,55 ± 1,35 11,25 ± 0,23 9,35 ± 0,61…”

Foals Developmental Orthopedic Disease Associated with Metabolic and Biometric Characterization of Pregnant Overweight Crioulo Mares

“…Since it is understood that IGF-1 is involved in the cartilage repair in osteoarthritic horses, it is believed that the lower levels of IGF-1 are related with non-healing of the articular lesions during the puberty period (around 7-8 months of the foals) [15,17]. In two previous researches with Crioulo horses, it was observed that the foals aged less than 26 months had a 79.2% [18] and 100% [5], of prevalence of articular tarsus lesions. These suggests that the tarsus lesions observed in 92.85% of the 6-month-old foals in the present study could not heal and that lesions should remain in the foals to adulthood.…”

“…In order to identify possible articular changes at the distal tarsal joints, radiographic imaging of the both pelvic members were obtained; and to identify possible distal metacarpal physeal changes, radiographic imaging of the metacarpal-phalangeal joints of both thoracic members was obtained. For each joint, four standard radiographic projections were performed with the RX machine (DR RX EcoRay) 5 [10]: lateromedial, dorsoplantar, dorsolateral -plantaromedial oblique and dorsomedial -plantarolateral oblique. Score grade lesions were classified [33], and are described in Table 1.…”

“…IGF-1, for this reason, can be considered an important biomarker for articular changes in young horses [6,7,25,29]. The high body condition score (BCS), together with the accumulated body fat, are factors related to tarsus lesions in up to 100% of 18-months-old Crioulo foals [5]. The distal tarsal lesions were also found in 40.80% of adult Crioulo horses presenting lameness during the training period, representing 76.47% of the posterior limb pathologies and demonstrating the seriousness and the prevalence of this disease in these athletic horses [3].…”