Prevalência e fatores de risco para brucelose suína em Mossoró-RN

Abstract

Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(6):537-541, junho 2014 537 RESUMO.-A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência da brucelose e seus fatores de risco no rebanho suíno de Mossoró/RN. Compreendeu um estudo epidemiológico transversal e de abordagem quantitativa, no qual foram coletadas 412 amostras sanguíneas de suí-nos provenientes dos principais produtores do município e realizada inspeção das criações com entrevistas aos produtores. Anticorpos anti-Brucella spp. foram detectados pelo teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado (AAT) e confirmados pela reação de fixação de complemento (RFC). A prevalência da brucelose nos suínos foi de 27,0% no teste de AAT e 17,5% na RFC. Em 55% das propriedades pesquisadas havia pelo menos um animal positivo, e a prevalência nestas variou de 6,7% a 80,0%. Os fatores de risco que estavam influenciando a ocorrência da doença foram: a presença de ratos nas criações, o contato com bovinos e a faixa etária jovem dos animais. Os resultados do estudo permitiram concluir que o agente etiológico da brucelose estava circulando em suínos do município de Mossoró-RN, com elevada prevalência no rebanho e nas propriedades, evidenciando o risco de transmissão desta zoonose para o homem. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of brucellosis and its risk factors in the pig herd of Mossoró-RN. Comprised a cross-sectional quantitative approach and epidemiological study, where 412 blood samples of pigs from major producers in the municipality were collected and inspection of herds with interviews with producers were conducted. Antibodies to Brucella spp. were detected by the rose Bengal test (RBT) and confirmed by the complement fixation test (CFT). The prevalence of brucellosis in pigs was 27.0% in the RBT and 17.5% in the CFT. In 55% of the surveyed properties there was at least one positive animal, and these prevalence ranged from 6.7% to 80.0%. Risk factors that were influencing the occurrence of the disease were the presence of rats in the farms, contact with cattle and the young age of the animals. The study results showed that the causative agent of brucellosis was circulating in pigs in the municipality of Mossoró-RN, with high prevalence in the herd and on the properties, indicating the risk of transmission of this zoonosis to humans.INDEX TERMS: Swine health, epidemiology, prevalence, risk factors, Brucella suis, brucellosis.

Occurrence of anti-Brucella antibodies in intensive pig farming and in non-technified pig herds

“…Borges (2004) who assessed biosecurity levels on certified farms of breeding pigs in São Paulo state obtained 9% of positivity from 2,085 samples found the same situation. Leite et al (2014) showed that 55% of the pig farms had at least one animal positive to brucellosis. In addition, Freitas et al (2001) obtained 42.2% of reactive animals in 139 sera samples from illegal slaughterhouses.…”

“…In non-technified pig herds, where several species are reared close to each other, studies indicate an influence of cattle herd in the occurrence of swine brucellosis, by brucellosis cross-transmission between species, with B. abortus affecting pigs and B. suis infecting cattle herds (Leite et al 2014). The transmission occurs by contaminated food and water, vulvar discharge, abortion material as fetuses, stillbirths and placenta.…”

Epidemiological study of swine brucellosis in household farms in Federal District of Brazil

“…In Brazil, B. suis has been identified in some regions (LEITE et al, 2014). B. abortus is known to circulate nationwide (LEITE et al, 2003) and has been reported in cattle (NING et al, 2013) and pigs (AMARAL et al, 2005).…”