Padronização do teste imunoalérgico aplicado ao diagnóstico da tuberculose e micobacterioses em suínos (Sus scrofa) experimentalmente sensibilizados com suspensões oleosas de Mycobacterium bovis ou M. avium inativados

Abstract

The diagnostic value of the cutaneous allergic response to tuberculin in piglets experimentally sensitized intramuscularly with the oily suspensions of heat inactivated M. bovis or M. avium was investigated. Ninety-one animals were used and divided into four groups: groups A and B were formed each with 25 individuals, and groups C and D, with 21 and 20 individuals, respectively, balancing the characteristics of race, ancestry, age and sex. At the age of 30 days, all the animals were submitted to the screening test with the use of M. bovis PPD, by the intradermal route at the base of the ear and no reaction was detected. Sixty days after the screening tuberculin test, animals of the group A were injected intramuscularly with 0.5 mL of oily suspension of M. avium D4 strain; animals of the group B received 0.5 mL of an oily suspension of M. bovis, AN5 strain; group C (control I) received 0.5 mL of an oily adjuvant; and the individuals of the group D (control II) received 0.5 mL of saline solution. Following 30 days of sensitization, comparative skin reactions were measured by the variation in skin thickness with a caliper at 0h, 24h, 48h an 72h after applications of tuberculins. In the comparative test measured at 48 or 72h, the reaction was considered negative when the difference of the reactions between bovine PPD and avian PPD was less than 6.7 mm; suspected or inconclusive, when the difference stood in the range of 6.7 to 7.5 mm; and positive according to the type of PPD, considering tuberculosis the M. bovis PPD and mycobacteriosis the M. avium PPD, when the difference of the reaction was greater than 7.5 mm.

Principais ameaças sanitárias endêmicas da cadeia produtiva de suínos no Brasil

“…Em granjas comerciais, as prevalências da tuberculose e da brucelose são muito baixas (Rosa et al, 2012;Oliveira et al, 2014a). A tuberculose, identificada pelo serviço de inspeção de carnes no abate dos suínos, aparece em aproximadamente 0,002% dos animais abatidos (Morés et al, 2007).…”

“…A tuberculose, identificada pelo serviço de inspeção de carnes no abate dos suínos, aparece em aproximadamente 0,002% dos animais abatidos (Morés et al, 2007). Já a linfadenite granulomatosa, causada por micobactérias do complexo avium, aparece em menos de 0,5% dos suínos abatidos (Morés et al, 2007;Oliveira et al, 2014a). Levantamentos sorológicos realizados no plantel de reprodutores em algumas regiões do Brasil e nas granjas GRSC apontam que a brucelose suína não é um problema sanitário na suinocultura tecnificada, mas pode vir a ser um em criatórios (Rosa et al, 2012).…”