Utilização de vagens de Prosopis juliflora na alimentação de ovinos e caprinos

Abstract

Pesq. Vet. Bras. 32(10):987-989, outubro 2012 987 RESUMO.-Sinais nervosos associados à ingestão de vagens de Prosopis juliϔlora tem sido descritos em caprinos adultos pastejando continuamente em áreas invadidas por esta planta. A doença não tem sido constatada em ovinos, mas nesta espécie o pastejo em áreas invadidas por P. juliϔlora tem sido associado à ocorrência de malformações. O presente trabalho objetivou estudar a toxicidade sobre o sistema nervoso e o efeito teratogênico de vagens de P. juliϔlora (algaroba) In Brazil, nervous signs caused by the ingestion of Prosopis juliϔlora pods have been reported in goats grazing in areas invaded by this plant. The disease has not been reported in sheep, but in this species, grazing in areas invaded by P. juliϔlora has been associated with the occurrence of malformations in lambs. The objective of this research was to study the toxicity for the central nervous system and the teratogenicity of P. juliϔlora pods in sheep, and to determine their toxicity to goats. Three experiments were performed. In Experiment 1, groups of four sheep were fed with ration containing 0, 60% or 90% of pods. In Experiment 2, seven sheep were fed with pods in amount equivalent to 2.1% body weight (bw) during the whole gestation. In Experiment 3, three goats were fed with pods in amounts equivalent to 1.5% of their bw during 264, 474, and 506 days. None of the experimental animals showed nervous signs and the seven pregnant sheep delivered normal lambs. These results suggest that P. juliϔlora pods can be used without restrictions in the food of sheep. Because in a previous paper P. juliϔlora pods, in the concentratiosn of 60% and 90% of the food, caused nervous signs in goats after 210 days of ingestion, it is suggested that there are variation in the toxicity of the pods. It is recommended that goats may be kept in areas invaded by P. juliϔlora for no more than one fructiϐication period.

Characterization and cytotoxic activity on glial cells of alkaloid-enriched extracts from pods of the plants Prosopis flexuosa and Prosopis nigra (Fabaceae)

“…represents an important forest resource. However, some species can become a weed in native vegetation areas and induce spontaneous poisoning in animals, especially when it is used as the sole source of alimentation and during extreme drought conditions (Riet-Correa et al, 2012;Kumar & Mathur, 2014;Ruiz-Nieto et al, 2020). Tabosa et al (2006), reports neurotoxic damage to the central nervous system (CNS) in cattles fed during 6 months with a ration containing 50-75 % of P. juliflora pods from Brasil after.…”

“…The pods of this genus are a feed source for animals in many regions of the world, due to their nutritional value (Silva, 1981;Riet-Correa et al, 2012). Recently an outbreak of nervous disease has been reported in cattle associated with consumption of Prosopis sp.…”

Efeitos teratogênicos de Prosopis juliflora em ratos e análise da toxicidade das vagens

“…Esses resultados sugerem alguns alcalóides não identificados de P. juliflora podem se perder durante o armazenamento. É provável que a ausência de malformações nos experimentos realizados por Riet-Correa et al (2012) seja devida a uma perda parcial da toxicidade após a colheita, pois, nos casos de malformações observados no estado de Pernambuco as ovelhas permaneciam em áreas severamente invadidas por P. juliflora, ingerindo as vagens caídas recentemente das árvores durante a época de acasalamento e nos primeiros dois meses de gestação. No entanto, apesar da comprovação de que as vagens de P. juliflora são teratogênicas para ratos, para comprovar a hipótese de que as malformações observadas em ovinos e caprinos são causadas pela ingestão de vagens frescas são necessários novos experimentos em ovelhas e cabras prenhes com as vagens recém-colhidas ou ingerindo as vagens a campo.…”

Plants causing poisoning outbreaks of livestock in South America: A review

“…In the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil, P. juliflora pods are a good alternative for animal feed due to their high nutritional value ( Medeiros et al, 2012 ; Riet-Correa et al, 2012 ). Breeding cattle can ingest up to 30% pods in their diet for up to six months.…”