Do hematologic constituents really increase due to endurance exercise in horses?

Neto, Antônio Raphael Teixeira; Ferraz, Guilherme de Camargo; Moscardini, Augusto Ricardo Coelho; Albernaz, Raquel Mincarelli; Gondin, Milena Romano; Queiroz-Neto, A.

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2012000900023

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…One plausible explanation for this may be that the ranch horses performed a submaximal aerobic exercise of low intensity and long duration, which did not cause acute physical exhaustion, rhabdomyolysis or overtraining. This is supported by the workload variables and the values of lactate plasmatic concentration, creatine kinase activity, respiratory and heart rates observed in our study compared to the values presented by Hodgson et al [44] and Teixeira-Neto et al [45]. Another reason might be that the measurements were taken at the end of the workday and not directly in association with any specific effort (e.g.…”

Section: Comparisons Of the Body Language And Physiological Variablessupporting

confidence: 86%

Effect of work on body language of ranch horses in Brazil

et al. 2020

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The horses' responses to exercise are commonly monitored using physiological variables, nonetheless physical and mental states can also be expressed through body language. The aims of this study were: (i) to identify how facial expressions and other behavioural variables change in ranch horses after a routine workday, and (ii) to investigate if these changes can be used as indicators of physical tiredness by relating them to known variables of physical fitness and workload. Fourteen crossbred ranch horses were assessed pre-and post-workday on two farms, recording the body language, physiological and workload variables. Statistical analysis consisted of four stages: (i) comparisons between the sampling times (pre-vs postworkday) using linear mixed-effects models with repeated measures and a paired Wilcoxon test; (ii) selection of the most powerful variables by applying Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test and principal components analyses (PCA); (iii) evaluations of the relationships within these selected variables utilizing PCA and Spearman rank coefficients; and (iv) identifying a critical level of the most robust behavioural indicators using a non-hierarchical cluster analysis. Results showed that after a workday the horses increased the frequency/duration of body language indicative of resting. They also decreased the frequency/duration of body language indicative of attention and movements to avoid flies. However, some of these behaviours are also shown when horses are in pain, leading us to suggest that some ranch horses were probably experiencing a combination of of tiredness and slight soreness. Of particular interest, because of the ease with which it can be assessed on the farm and generalized to other situations, we suggest that the frequency of shifting weight between the forelegs has potential to be used as an indicator of physical tiredness in horses. The results can also be used in the development of tools to improve the welfare of ranch horses as well as horses used in other activities, although more research is needed to validate this assumption.

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Section: Comparisons Of the Body Language And Physiological Variablessupporting

confidence: 86%

Effect of work on body language of ranch horses in Brazil

et al. 2020

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“…In present study, there were no significant differences in the post-ride Hb percentage, TP concentration, RBC and WBC concentration and CORT level studied after distance of 15 and 30 km. These findings were in agreement with the results of Teixeira-Netoet al [3] In endurance efforts, two physiological events can contribute to HT percentage elevation. In more prolonged exercises, splenic contraction due to an adrenergic stimulus and sweating leading to extensive body fluid losses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…As thermoregulation leads to intense sweating with evident body fluids losses and haemoconcentration [16,17]. More than 5% body weight loss, occur in after 30 km of the ride [3], and this could change some blood parameter, so there were no significant differences in the post-race HT and Hb concentration RBC counting and TP concentration [18][19][20]. Kingston suggested that during prolonged, low-intensity exercise, the albumin and total plasma protein concentrations increases [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endurance riding is a competition in which the speed and endurance of a horse is tested, and riders are also challenged with regards to the effective use of pace and thorough knowledge of their horses through cross-country. Horses can suffer from dehydration and heat stress leading to a lot of problems such as metabolic disorders and if does not compensated for, lead to cardiovascular and thermoregulatory instability [3,4]. Endurance riding is an internationally recognized sport in which horse and rider team cover a designated course within a set of time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Some Hematological Parameters Between Horses in an Endurance Competition

Rezazadeh¹,

Hosseinzadeh²,

Jozani³

et al. 2016

AVS

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This study conducted to comparison of some blood constituents between horses participated an endurance racing. Jugular vein puncture was done to collect blood from15 horses (1 gelding, 2 mares, and 12 male). These horses had been classified to three breeds include 12Kurd, 1 pure Arab, 2cross-breed and participated in the endurance racing of 0 (before competition), 15 (After first loop) and 30 km (final loop). Horses were classified in three age-groups include below 5(n=1), 5-10 (n=10) and above 10years of age (n=4). Hematocrit and Hemoglobin percentage, Total protein concentration, Red blood cell and White blood cell counting, glucose and cortisol level were measured at before starting competition (0), 15 and 30 km. Data was analyzed by SPSS (version 22). Results showed significant difference in glucose level after 30 km (P˂0.05) but not after 15km (P˃0.05). No significant difference was observed between cortisol concentration and age groups (P˃0.05) but, there was significant difference between cortisol concentration and gender (P˂0.05). Breed had influenced on HT, Hb, TP and WBC (P˂0.05). Otherwise breed had no effect on RBC, glucose level and cortisol concentration (P˃0.05). HT and WBC counting were higher in Arab, cross breed and Kurd respectively. Hemoglobin percentage was found higher in Arab, Kurd and Cross breed respectively. Total protein concentration in Arab was higher than Cross breed and Kurd. In conclusion, in short distance endurance competition of horses, stress is not effect on metabolism of animal, furthermore, gender and breed could important in blood parameters alterations.

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“…Em cavalos árabes, foi observada uma relação entre a hemoconcentração e o aumento de He, Hb e Ht nas primeiras horas de enduro, com retorno desses parâmetros aos valores basais após 24 horas (Teixeira-Neto et al 2012). Os dados do presente estudo sugerem que a contração esplênica pode ocorrer também em animais submetidos a exercícios leves.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Concentrações de ferro, cobre, zinco e manganês em equinos da raça Puro-sangue Lusitano, antes e após exercício

Minini¹,

Laposy

Bremer‐Neto

et al. 2013

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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O presente trabalho objetivou determinar a atividade sérica dos microminerais ferro, cobre, zinco e manganês em 30 equinos atletas da raça Puro-sangue Lusitano (PSL), antes e depois de exercícios, atestados por avaliações clínicas e laboratoriais. Amostras de sangue foram colhidas, antes e imediatamente após 20 minutos de exercício físico de trote e galope suaves realizados em pista de areia, para a realização das dosagens dos microminerais. A concentração dos microelementos foi determinada por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica. Observou-se que após o exercício, a atividade sérica de ferro não sofreu variações (P=0,2365), enquanto os valores de cobre se elevaram significativamente após o treinamento (P<0,001). Já o zinco e o manganês diminuíram após o exercício (P<0,001). Pode-se concluir que o exercício físico de curta duração pode gerar sudorese capaz de alterar as concentrações séricas de ferro, cobre, zinco e manganês em cavalos atletas da raça Puro-sangue Lusitano.

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Do hematologic constituents really increase due to endurance exercise in horses?

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of work on body language of ranch horses in Brazil

Effect of work on body language of ranch horses in Brazil

Comparison of Some Hematological Parameters Between Horses in an Endurance Competition

Concentrações de ferro, cobre, zinco e manganês em equinos da raça Puro-sangue Lusitano, antes e após exercício

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