Presença de Candida nas mucosas vaginal e bucal e sua relação com IgA salivar

Abstract

ObjetivO: correlacionar a presença de leveduras do gênero Candida na cavidade bucal e vaginal de mulheres com e sem candidíase vulvovaginal (CVV) com os níveis de IgA secretora (IgAs) presentes na saliva. MétOdOs: cinqüenta e uma mulheres foram incluídas; 13 apresentaram CVV e 38 formaram o Grupo Controle. De cada paciente, foram coletados 2,0 mL de saliva sem estimulação e secreção vaginal com o auxílio de swab, que foi imerso a seguir em 2,0 mL de solução fisiológica. As amostras foram semeadas em ágar Sabouraud dextrose com cloranfenicol para isolamento e contagem de colônias, e os isolados foram identificadas fenotipicamente. Na saliva de ambos os grupos foi quantificada IgA pela técnica ELISA. ResultadOs: nas 13 pacientes com diagnóstico clínico e micológico de CVV, a média de unidades formadoras de colônias de Candida por mililitro de secreção vaginal (ufc/mL) foi de 52.723 e 23,8% dos pacientes apresentaram colonização na mucosa bucal com menor quantidade de ufc/mL (6.030). Os níveis de IgAs na saliva foram mais baixos no grupo com CVV (média de densidade: 0,3) quando comparados aos níveis de IgA do Grupo Controle (média de DO: 0,6). Onze pacientes (37%) do Grupo Controle apresentaram colonização por Candida na cavidade bucal, com média de ufc/mL mais baixa quando comparada ao grupo com CVV. O Grupo Controle também apresentou menor quantidade de ufc/mL (1.973) na cavidade vaginal quando comparado com o Grupo CVV (52.942). COnClusões: os resultados demonstraram que os pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de candidíase vulvovaginal apresentaram maior quantidade de Candida, tanto na cavidade vaginal quanto na bucal, e apresentaram menores níveis de IgA anti-Candida na saliva. AbstractPuRPOse: to correlate the presence of yeast from the Candida genus in the oral and vaginal cavity of women with and without vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), with secretor IgA levels (IgAs) present in the saliva. MethOds: among the 51 women included, 13 presented VVC and 38 were the Control Group. An amount of 2.0 mL of saliva without stimulation was collected from each patient, plus vaginal secretion using a swab, which was then immersed in 2.0 mL of physiological solution. Samples were inseminated in Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol for isolation and counting of colonies, and the isolated ones, phenotypically identified. IgA has been quantified in the saliva of the women from both groups, by the ELISA technique. Results: in the 13 patients with clinical and mycological diagnosis of VVC, the mean of Candida colony producing unities by milliliter of vaginal secretion (cpu/mL) was 52,723, and 23.8% of the patients presented colonization in the oral mucosa with lower amount of cup/mL (6,030). The levels of IgAs in saliva were lower in the group with VVC (DO mean: 0.3), as compared to the IgA levels of the Control Group (DO mean: 0.6). Eleven patients (37%) from the Control Group presented Candida colonization in the oral cavity, with a lower cup/mL mean, when compared to the VVC Group. The Control Group also presented a low...

Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Epidemiology, microbiology and risk factors

“…In contrast, other studies found low levels of anti-Candida antibodies in vaginal washes of women with VVC than of healthy colonized patients, proposing that the decrease of antibody levels promoted Candida infection (Gough et al, 1984;Silva et al, 2008). Moreover, it has been also shown that the secretor component of IgA can attach to C. albicans in a nonimmune way, blocking Candida binding to cellular receptors (Silva et al, 2008). This immunoglobulin forms complexes with Candida organisms, which are removed by the secretion of mucin, thus contributing to the inhibition of Candida adhesion to the vaginal epithelium (Russell & Mestecky, 2002;Silva et al, 2008).…”

“…Carvalho et al (2003) found a marked response of IgA, IgG1 and IgG4 in vaginal washes of symptomatic women with VVC comparatively to symptomatic women without Candida, suggesting that the synthesis of those antibodies was stimulated by the presence of the fungus. In fact, several studies have shown that vaginal colonization or infection by Candida induces anti-Candida antibodies production (Carvalho et al, 2003;Fidel & Sobel, 1996;Silva et al, 2008), but whether these humoral responses are important for avoid VVC is still controversial. Some studies have reported normal or high titers of Candidaspecific antibodies in vaginal secretions of women with VVC and RVVC, suggesting little to no protective role for antibodies (Fidel et al, 1997;Fidel, 2005).…”

“…Some studies have reported normal or high titers of Candidaspecific antibodies in vaginal secretions of women with VVC and RVVC, suggesting little to no protective role for antibodies (Fidel et al, 1997;Fidel, 2005). In contrast, other studies found low levels of anti-Candida antibodies in vaginal washes of women with VVC than of healthy colonized patients, proposing that the decrease of antibody levels promoted Candida infection (Gough et al, 1984;Silva et al, 2008). Moreover, it has been also shown that the secretor component of IgA can attach to C. albicans in a nonimmune way, blocking Candida binding to cellular receptors (Silva et al, 2008).…”

Red Propolis Antifungal Action On Species Of Candida Of The Oral Cavity

“…However, they identified 47.7% of the C. albicans species in patients without oral problems. Regarding gender, research [24] has shown that, in the sample of 51 women evaluated, 13 (25.5%) had a clinical diagnosis of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC), and of these, five (9.8%) showed yeasts of the genus Candida were also in the oral cavity. the authors observed that from the 15 women without clinical of VVC, 11 (73.3%) showed the yeast in the oral cavity, four (26.7%) in the vaginal mucosa and three (20%) in both sites.…”

Relationship between polyclonal immunoglobulin therapy and colonization by Candida spp.

“…Low IgA levels in blood serum and in saliva have been associated with an increased risk for Candida colonization and infection [1,2]. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of an intravenous immunoglobulin preparation containing polyclonal IgG, IgM and IgA (IgGAM) on the prevention of Candida spp.…”