A ética médica sob o viés da bioética: o exercício moral da cirurgia

Abstract

The professional practice of medicine today has a strong biological approach due to the increasing specialization of medical science. Often, science itself does not help to address and resolve a particular situation of a medical professional, and this is where human and social sciences, and especially other disciplines such as bioethics, can give a more humane and socialist approach, by systematically studying human behavior in the field of life and health sciences, considering moral values and principles. As part of this study, the segment that is limited to the analysis of ethical conflicts arising from the practice of medicine and patient care is known as medical ethics. Medical ethics, in the context of surgery, involves the integration of the surgical patient with the nature of the surgeon, influenced by his training and experience, his sensitivity to identify what is right. Ethics should not only be in the procedure, the surgery itself or in what happens in an operating room or even in the exercise of surgery as a specialty. Ethics must be in the life and conduct of the surgeon, so that all life and professional acts should be ethically valid.

O novo código de ética para fisioterapeutas incorporou tendências da bioética?

“…Since then, almost forty years went by until the elaboration of the codes of ethics for these professionals, which were presented in separated versions in 2013 12,13 . Even having been published before the bioethical discussions, 45.6% of the text fragments identified in the old version of the code of ethics for physiotherapists and occupational therapists could be classified as having a bioethical approach, as shown by Figueiredo et al 9 This study also added that in the previous version there was predominance of corporate and legalist conceptions that prioritized the autonomy of the professional over that of the client 9 .…”

“…The methods used for the analysis of the written documents were proposed for the code of ethics of oral health professionals 14 and reproduced in the analysis of the old version of the code of ethics for physiotherapists and occupational therapists 9 . Content analysis followed what was proposed by Bardin 15 , but for text sources and with the inclusion of frequency distribution analysis of text fragments by category.…”

“…The text of the new version of the ethical code for physiotherapists was divided into text units corresponding to paragraphs, sentences or words that express content with textual meaning possible to be classified into categories. As previously described 9,14 , text units may be classified in categories related to the principles of bioethics (autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence and justice), as well as the deontological principles (virtue and technique).…”

“…The ratio of text units observed by category in the new version of the professional ethical code was compared to the expected ratio, based on the proportions already published for the prior analysis of the code of ethics 9 . Discrepancies between the ratios were detected through a chisquare test, considering p < 0.05 as the threshold for significant differences.…”

Abordagens Bioéticas E Deontológicas Do Novo Código De Ética Profissional Para Terapeutas Ocupacionais No Brasil

“…Este Código de Ética surgiu em 1978, anos após a regulamentação destas profissões e, durante 35 anos, direcionou a conduta dos profissionais de ambas as profissões -Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional (ANTONIO; FONTES, 2011;CONSELHO..., 1978).…”