Shewhart's control charts and process capability ratio applied to a sewage treatment station

Orssatto, Fábio; Boas, Márcio Antônio Vilas; Nagamine, Ricardo; Uribe-Opazo, Miguel Ángel

doi:10.1590/s0100-69162014000400016

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Some applications of statistical control in non-industrial processes and in environment monitoring were reviewed by Cobert and Pan (2002). Shewhart's control charts (Shewhart 1939) of selected individual variables were used for the evaluation of sewage treatment stations (Berthoex et al 1978;Orssatto et al 2014) and river water quality (Iglesias et al 2016). The use of a cumulative sum (CUSUM) method for monitoring of water quality in storages was described by Mac Nally and Hart (1997) and also discussed, for example, by Cobert and Pan (2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of biological wastewater treatment process using Mahalanobis distances in original and principal component space: a case study

Praus

2018

Appl Water Sci

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The evaluation of wastewaters treated by biological wastewater treatment plant was performed using multivariate analysis. The samples taken during 1 year were characterized by the Mahalanobis distances (MDs) calculated from 11 original parameters and 4 principal components extracted by principal component analysis. The principal components were interpreted using Ward's hierarchical clustering analysis and factor analysis. Statistical processing of the samples by means of the MDs calculated in the original and PC space was found to be complementary. Since MDs were not normally distributed, the statistical analysis of their log-transformed values (logMDs) was preferred to common Hotelling's or Chi-squared statistics of MD 2 ones. The outliers were confirmed by Ward's method and by inspection of their chemical composition. In contrast to complexity and different magnitudes of the original wastewater parameters, the logMD charts provided a simple and effective tool for the evaluation of biological wastewater treatment process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of biological wastewater treatment process using Mahalanobis distances in original and principal component space: a case study

Praus

2018

Appl Water Sci

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“…Table 1 presents the concentration of the various performance monitoring parameters that were discharged from the PWW treatment plant under study. The values of the organic parameters like BOD 5 , COD and TSS showed a higher variability, i.e., 44.93%, 50.71%, and 20.33%, respectively, as their coefficient variation percentage was >20% (Orssatto et al, 2014). The O&G parameter showed a higher variability, with a 68.65% coefficient of variation, while the nutrient content in NH 3 -N showed variability of 29.49%.…”

Section: Evaluating the Performance Monitoring Parametersmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Application of Six Sigma for Process Control Analysis in the Malaysian Poultry Wastewater Treatment

Ishak¹,

Mohamad²,

Arep³

2022

J. Ecol. Eng.

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In this paper, the researchers presented the process control analysis of a Poultry Wastewater (PWW) treatment plant that was designed to comply with the Environmental Quality (Industrial Effluent) Regulations, 2009. In this pilot case study, the researchers highlighted the fact that owing to the existing global environmental challenges, a Six Sigma approach needs to be used for developing a new technique that helps in optimising process capability and assesses the treatment reliability. This would allow the effective treatment of different pollutants like pH, BOD 5 , TSS, COD, O&G and NH 3 -N before their discharge into the environment. The researchers used several quality control process tools like the I-MR control charts, treatment process capability analysis and treatment reliability assessment in the study. After analysing the data, the researchers concluded that the plant could effectively treat NH 3 -N, as well as fairly decrease the pH, BOD 5 , and COD values, whereas it displayed low ability in treating TSS and O&G within the research period. The researchers noted that the process showed low reliability in the treatment of TSS and O&G, i.e., 88.6% and 29.8% respectively, led to the discharge of fine colloids in the effluent. This was attributed to problematic processes in the PWW treatment procedure, such as malfunction of the DAF unit process, ineffective physical-chemical treatment, and tertiary filtration breakdown. The researchers concluded that this PWW plant required additional control and design improvement so that it released a low concentration of toxic compounds in the effluent discharge, and complied with the standards. This research could be used as a reference for additional studies that aimed to improve the quality of the wastewater treatment processes.

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“…The deployments of increasing frequent environmental laws and stringent rules on the classification of water bodies and environmental guidelines were made to frame CONAMA RESOLUTION nº 357, on 17 March 2005. Technological development for systems that make use of low-quality water is increasingly necessary, considering the rationing of this well increasingly scarce on the planet (Orssatto et al, 2014). Faced with the problem of scarcity of water resources, saline water irrigation system applied to crops was used as an alternative; aimed to save water resources of good quality (Busato and Soares, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical process control in self compensating emitters using water at different saline concentrations

Silva¹,

Neto²,

Matos³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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The statistical process control applied in the irrigation systems allows the visualization of process to reduce wastage of inputs, such as water and energy quality, which contributes to assessing its proper functioning, and feasibility of implementation and operation. That is why it is necessary to evaluate the self-compensating emitters using saline water at different concentrations. This experiment was applied in the greenhouse, agricultural engineering academic unit, Federal University of Campina Grande. The treatments consisted of five salinity levels of irrigation water (ECwi) (0.6, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 dS m -1 at 25°C), set in pressure of 160 kPa during 15 irrigation trials for new emitters, with 350 h of operation. The use of statistical process control tool has shown promise in identifying emitters' problems due to the use of lower quality water for irrigation. The inferior quality of water does not influence the flow and Christiansen uniformity coefficient of self-compensating emitters, but after 350 h of operation, there is need management operations and maintenance of the system to be made. The uniformity coefficient Christiansen (CUC) for new and used emitters above 90% was rated as excellent in all treatments saline. The Shewhart control charts allowed diagnosing of about 350 h of operation which is necessary for the maintenance of the irrigation system when operating with saline water.

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Shewhart's control charts and process capability ratio applied to a sewage treatment station

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Evaluation of biological wastewater treatment process using Mahalanobis distances in original and principal component space: a case study

Evaluation of biological wastewater treatment process using Mahalanobis distances in original and principal component space: a case study

The Application of Six Sigma for Process Control Analysis in the Malaysian Poultry Wastewater Treatment

Statistical process control in self compensating emitters using water at different saline concentrations

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