Desenvolvimento de plantas de crisântemo cultivadas em vaso em resposta a níveis de condutividade elétrica

Abstract

RESUMO: Na floricultura, a competição por mercados é intensa e o diferencial de produtividade consiste no manejo nutricional adequado, por promover grande impacto sobre a qualidade, a produtividade e a longevidade das inflorescências e da planta. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de níveis de condutividade elétrica (CE) no desenvolvimento de plantas de crisântemo (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.) em vaso sob cultivo protegido. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Paranapanema -SP. Usou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e parcelas divididas. As parcelas foram constituídas pelas épocas de amostragem, e as subparcelas, pelos diferentes níveis de CE, determinados na solução aplicada via água de irrigação: 1,42; 1,65; 1,89; 2,13 e 2,36 dS m -1 (fase vegetativa); 1,71; 1,97; 2,28; 2,57 e 2,85 dS m -1 (fase de botão). Determinaram-se, semanalmente, a altura da planta e o diâmetro do buquê, e a cada 14 dias, a área foliar e a fitomassa seca da parte aérea da planta. O tratamento, correspondente à aplicação de solução com CE de 2,13 dS m -1 na fase vegetativa e 2,57 dS m -1 na fase de botão, proporcionou melhor aspecto visual das plantas, além de apresentar maior valor de fitomassa seca da parte aérea, maior área foliar e melhores formação e coloração. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Dendranthema grandiflora, fertirrigação, ambiente protegido. DEVELOPMENT OF CHRYSANTHEMUM PLANTS CULTIVATED IN FLOWERPOT IN RESPONSE TO ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY LEVELS ABSTRACT:In floriculture market, the competition is intense and the productivity differential consists in an appropriated nutritional management which provides a large impact in quality, productivity and longevity of the flowers and plants. This present work aimed to evaluate the effects of electrical conductivity (EC) levels in chrysanthemum plant (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.) development. These plants were planted in pots and cultivated in a greenhouse. The experiment was carried out in Paranapanema city, São Paulo State. The experimental design was made in randomized blocks with four repetitions and split plots. The plots were constituted according to the sample times, and the split plots according to the different EC levels which were determined in the applied water irrigation solution: 1.42; 1.65; 1.89; 2.13 and 2.36 dS m -1 (vegetative stage); 1.71; 1.97; 2.28; 2.57 and 2.85 dS m -1 (bud stage). The plant height and the bouquet diameter were weekly evaluated, and every 14 days the leaf area and the dry mass of the aerial portion of the plant were measured. The treatment which applied the EC level of 2.13 dS m -1 during the vegetative stage and 2.57 dS m -1 during the bud stage provided the best visual aspect in plants, as well as the higher aerial part if the dry mass, higher leaf area and the best formation and coloring.

Production and quality of three varieties of chrysanthemum grown in pots with different NPK rates

“…Higher values of stem length were observed for Calabria, with average of 19.7 cm, similar to Sheena with 18.6 cm, and higher than variety Indianapolis, with 17.2 cm. Similar results were found by Mota et al (2007) and Pirola et al (2015) whom noticed increments in plant height when increasing the dosage of the applied treatment. This is due to the fact that these nutrients are involved in cell elongation and division, and also because they are fundamental constituents of organelles and compounds involved in photosynthesis, especially nitrogen, thus resulting in response of stem length (BARBOSA et al, 1999;RODRIGUES et al, 2008;CASTRO et al, 2011;BALDOTTO and BALDOTTO, 2015).…”

“…Thus, although researches have advanced in recent years, many producers still rely on empirical fertilization patterns, resulting in nutrition that is often excessive, causing toxicity and imbalance in plant mineral nutrition (MOTA et al, 2007;BECKMANN-CAVALCANTE et al, 2010;FERNANDES et al, 2012), compromising the production and quality of inflorescences.…”

Diferentes tecnologias de iluminação para produção de mudas de crisântemo

“…De acordo com Mota et al (2007) o mercado mundial de flores e plantas ornamentais está em plena expansão e tem como principal exportador a Holanda, seguida pela Colômbia e Itália. A floricultura empresarial brasileira vem adquirindo notável desenvolvimento nos últimos anos e já se caracteriza como um dos mais promissores segmentos da horticultura intensiva no campo dos agronegócios nacionais.…”

Ácido indolbutírico no enraizamento de mini estacas de roseira

“…The market for flowers and ornamental plants is one of the most competitive industry that is booming and moves millions of dollars around the world, with Netherlands being the largest exporter of flowers, followed by Colombia and Italy (LANDGRAF and PAIVA, 2009;Mota et al, 2007). Brazil still has small share of the world market, but has been increasing over the years (REGO et al, 2004).…”