Constituintes químicos de Alchornea glandulosa (Euphorbiaceae)

RESUMO: "Atividade antimicrobiana de Pterogyne nitens Tul., Fabaceae, contra fungos oportunistas". No contexto de nossas pesquisas por novos agentes antifúngicos obtidos da flora brasileira, oito extratos e doze frações de Pterogyne nitens Tul., Fabaceae, foram submetidos ao ensaio antifúngico pelo método de microdiluição, contra quatro espécies de fungos oportunistas, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis e Cryptococcus neoformans. Este trabalho revelou que os extratos e frações de P. nitens foram mais ativos contra C. krusei e C. parapsilosis quando comparados a C. neoformans, sendo que o crescimento de C. albicans foi moderadamente afetado por todos os extratos e frações. As atividades mais potentes foram observadas para as frações n-butanólica dos galhos (CIM = 15,6 µg/mL) e raízes (CIM = 31,2 µg/mL) contra C. krusei. Adicionalmente, a fração n-butanólica dos galhos foi submetida ao fracionamento cromatográfico, resultando no isolamento de quatro alcaloides guanidínicos, sendo N-1,N-2,N-3-triisopentenilguanidina (1), descrito pela primeira vez em espécies da família Fabaceae e nitensidinas A-C (2-4), os quais apresentaram atividade antifúngica moderada contra C. krusei (CIM = 62,5 µg/ mL) e C. parapsilosis (CIM = 31,2 µg/mL). Unitermos:Pterogyne nitens, alcaloides guanidínicos, antifúngico, fungos oportunistas, Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans. ABSTRACT:As part of our ongoing research on antifungal agents from Brazilian flora, eight extracts and twelve fractions from Pterogyne nitens Tul., Fabaceae, were screened for antimicrobial activity against four opportunistic fungi species (Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis and Cryptococcus neoformans) using a broth microdilution method. The present investigation reveals that P. nitens extracts and fractions were more effective against C. krusei and C. parapsilosis than against C. neoformans. The growth of C. albicans was moderately affected by all tested extracts and fractions. The strongest effects were observed for n-butanol fractions from branches (MIC = 15.6 µg/mL) and roots (MIC = 31.2 µg/mL) against C. krusei. Additionally, the chromatographic fractionation of the n-butanol fraction from branches afforded four guanidine alkaloids; N-1,N-2,N-3-triisopentenylguanidine (1), described for the first time in the Fabaceae family, and nitensidines A-C (2-4), which showed moderate activity towards C. krusei (MIC = 62.5 µg/mL) and C. parapsilosis (MIC = 31.2 µg/mL).

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“…The spectral data were in agreement with those published in the literature (Bolzani et al, 1995;Conegero et al, 2003). …”

Section: Isolation Of Antifungal Compounds 1-4supporting

confidence: 90%

Antimicrobial activity of Pterogyne nitens Tul., Fabaceae, against opportunistic fungi

Regasini¹,

Pivatto

Scorzoni³

et al. 2010

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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“…25) A mixture of steroids (sitosterol and stigmasterol), terpenoid loliolide, guanidine alkaloid N-1,N-2,N-3-triisopentenylguanidine and tannin corilagin were also reported. 26) Flavonoids have different chemical structures and characteristics. They have been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological effects, including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-in- The symbol (X) indicates the presence and (-) the absence of the classes of compound.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Hydrogen Peroxide, Nitric Oxide and TNF-.ALPHA. Production in Peritoneal Macrophages by Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Alchornea glandulosa

Lopes

Calvo

Vilegas

et al. 2005

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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The effects of Alchornea glandulosa ethyl acetate fraction (AGF) on hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-a a (TNF-a a) production in peritoneal macrophages activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) were investigated. Analysis by thin layer chromatography (TLC) of AGF showed several constituents, including flavonoids, which may have anti-inflammatory activity. Inhibitory effects of the fraction in H 2 O 2 and NO production ranged from 8.59؎7.84% to 70.56؎4.16% and from 16.06؎3.65% to 38.73؎3.90%, respectively. The TNF-a a production was only partially inhibited in the tested concentrations (12.21؎6.23%-15.16؎0.96%). According to these results, it is suggested that AGF has anti-inflammatory activity. This medicinal plant may have therapeutic potential in the control of inflammatory disorders.

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“…Conegero et al (2003) showed the presence of a mixture of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol, the terpenoid loliolide, the guanidine alkaloid N-1,N-2,N-3-triisopentenylguanidine and the phenolic compound corilagin in the leaves of A. glandulosa. In addition, according to Calvo et al (2007) This chemical composition can explain the mutagenicity of the extracts detected by the Ames Assay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is a 10-20 m high tree known popularly in Brazil as "tapiá" or "boleiro" (Lorenzi, 2002). According to Conegero et al (2003) the leaves of this species are rich in phytosterols, terpenoids, alkaloids and, phenolic compounds and, according these authors, the methanol extract of these leaves have antimicrobial and antitumor activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutagenicity of two species of the genus Alchornea measured by Salmonella microsome assay and micronucleus test

Santos¹,

Calvo²,

Cólus³

et al. 2010

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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Some species of the plant genus Alchornea (family Euphorbiaceae) are widely used in popular medicine, mainly in South America and in Africa. Several kinds of biological activity have been seen in the species: antioxidant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, cytotoxic against tumor cell lines and inhibitory to the replication of HIV-1 and HIV-2. In Brazil, the species Alchornea castaneaefolia Willd. A. Juss. and Alchornea glandulosa Poepp. & Endl. are used by the local population to treat rheumatism, arthritis and muscular pains. In view of the popular use of these plants as medicines and the potential risks from their consumption, we assessed the mutagenic potential of chloroform and methanol extracts of the leaves of these plant species, employing the in vivo micronucleus test and the Ames assay. The data obtained showed that the chloroform extracts were not mutagenic. The methanol extract of A. castaneaefolia was mutagenic to strain TA98 of Salmonella typhimurium and the methanol extract of A. glandulosa to strains TA98 and TA97a. The methanol extracts of both species of Alchornea were mutagenic in vivo at the largest dose employed. The probable mutagenic agents involved were the aglycone quercetin and amentoflavone, present in both species.

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Constituintes químicos de Alchornea glandulosa (Euphorbiaceae)

Cited by 29 publications

References 5 publications

Antimicrobial activity of Pterogyne nitens Tul., Fabaceae, against opportunistic fungi

Antimicrobial activity of Pterogyne nitens Tul., Fabaceae, against opportunistic fungi

Inhibition of Hydrogen Peroxide, Nitric Oxide and TNF-.ALPHA. Production in Peritoneal Macrophages by Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Alchornea glandulosa

Mutagenicity of two species of the genus Alchornea measured by Salmonella microsome assay and micronucleus test

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