Principais doenças de Anonáceas no Brasil: descrição e controle

Abstract

3RESUMO-Várias doenças podem afetar folhas, caules, flores e frutos de gravioleira, pinheira e atemoia em diferentes estádios de seus desenvolvimentos. Geralmente, as doenças mais importantes são causadas por fungos durante o florescimento e a frutificação. Também podem ocorrer murchas ou podridões de raízes, causadas por nematoides e patógenos do solo. A antracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), murcha ou podridões de raízes (Rhizoctonia solani, Cylindrocladium clavatum, Phytophthora sp., Pythium sp., Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica, cancros (Albonectria rigidiuscula) e podridão de frutos (Botryodiplodia theobromae, sin. Lasiodiplodia theobromae) são as mais importantes. Por outro lado, a podridão-parda-do-fruto (Rhizopus stolonifer) provoca perdas expressivas na produção de graviola. A seguir, são descritas as principais doenças que afetam estas espécies de anonáceas, seus agentes causais e as medidas de controle. Termos para indexação: Fitossanidade, graviola, pinha, atemoia, cherimoia. MAJOR DISEASES OF ANNONACEAE IN BRAZIL: DESCRIPTION AND CONTROLABSTRACT -Several diseases can infect leaves, stem, roots, flowers and fruits of soursop, custard apple and atemoya on different stage of their development. Generally, the most important diseases are caused by fungi during the flowering and fruit set. Rot root diseases and wilts caused by nematodes and soil pathogens also can induce expressive losses. Anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), wilt or rot root (Rhizoctonia solani, Cylindrocladium clavatum, Phytophthora sp., Pythium sp., Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica), canker disease (Albonectria rigidiuscula) and rot fruit (Botryodiplodia theobromae, sin. Lasiodiplodia theobromae) are the most important. Moreover, the fruit brown rot (Rhizopus stolonifer) cause expressive losses in soursop production. Following it will be described the major diseases affecting these Annonaceae species, their main causal agents and control measures.

Phytochemical analysis and fungicide potential of Pouteria ramiflora against Lasiodiplodia theobromae

“…Studies have shown that certain fungi, such as Lasiodiplodia theobromae, an opportunistic or secondary pathogen, have been a problem for production in tropical regions. This pathogen, when it gets inside the tissues of the plant, causes the death of the individual or fall of flowers and fruits of diverse species of economic interest (Junqueira & Junqueira, 2014).…”

Botryosphaeriaceae species causing dieback on Annonaceae in Brazil

“…In the past, the dieback of Annonaceae was associated with L. theobromae only (Ponte, ; Lopez, ; Junqueira & Junqueira, ). However, in this study, through combined phylogenetic analysis of ITS, TEF‐1α , TUB2 and RPB2 sequences, eight species of Botryosphaeriaceae were identified associated with dieback on A. muricata , A. squamosa , atemoya ( A. cherimola × A. squamosa ), A. leptopetala and with fruit rot in A. crassiflora.…”

“…Several diseases and pathogens have been reported on Annonaceae in Brazil (Lopez, ; Junqueira & Junqueira, ). However, despite the great economic importance and the expansion of areas cultivated with these fruit crops in Brazil, there is a lack of research on disease diagnostics in these crops.…”

Antibacterial Activity of Austdiol Isolated from Mycoleptodiscus indicus Against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Passiflorae

“…2 The disease can be found in orchards of the species Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa, P. alata, P. cincinata, P. nitida, P. quadrangularis, P. amethystina, P. setacea and P. edulis f. edulis. 3 Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae is a gram-negative, strict aerobic bacterium, with mucoid, convex, bright, yellow-colored colonies.…”