Avaliação da incidência de antracnose, do desempenho e estado nutricional de variedades de mangueira, para cultivo orgânico, na região centro-norte do Estado de São Paulo

Nascimento

et al. 2014

Agraria

This research aimed to analyse the soil fertility changes and macronutrient concentration in mango plantations in Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil. Samples of soil were collected at depths of 0-20 and 20-40 cm, and leaves of mango trees during vegetative growth were collected from 11 areas with different cultivation time spans (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 19, and 26 years). Nearby areas under natural vegetation were sampled for reference. The chemical characteristics of soil evaluated were: pH; P, K, Ca, Mg; exchangeable Na and Al; H + Al; organic matter; sum of bases; base saturation; and total cation exchange capacity. The mango leaves were analysed for N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. The agricultural management practices adopted by the mango-producing companies promoted changes in soil fertility when compared with the reference areas. The concentrations of organic matter tended to increase in the crop areas. The organic matter caused increases in CEC and nutrient retention. High P values were observed in soils and plants owing to the excessive use of fertilizers. This may cause nutritional imbalance and contamination of water sources. The contents of N, P, K in the leaves of mango trees were nutritionally adequate. Key words: Mangifera indica, mineral fertilizers, soil organic matter Alterações na fertilidade dos solos e teores foliares de nutrientes em cultivos de mangueira no Vale do São Francisco RESUMOEsta pesquisa objetivou avaliar as alterações na fertilidade do solo e nos teores de macronutrientes nas folhas em áreas cultivadas com mangueira em Petrolina-PE. Foram coletadas amostras de solo nas profundidades de 0-20 e 20-40 cm e de folhas da mangueira na fase vegetativa em onze áreas com diferentes tempos de cultivo (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 19 e 26 anos). Áreas de vegetação nativa adjacentes às áreas cultivadas foram utilizadas para efeito de comparação. As propriedades químicas dos solos avaliadas foram: pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na e Al trocáveis, H+Al, matéria orgânica, SB, V e CTC total. Os macronutrientes avaliados nas folhas foram: N, P, K, Ca e Mg. Os manejos agrícolas adotados pelas empresas promoveram alterações na fertilidade dos solos quando comparados com os solos das áreas de referência. Os teores de matéria orgânica tendem a aumentar nas áreas de cultivo. A MO causou aumento na CTC e retenção de nutrientes. Altos valores de P foram observados em solos e plantas devido ao uso excessivo de fertilizantes; isto pode causar desequilíbrio nutricional e contaminação das fontes de água. Os teores de N, P e K nas folhas das árvores de manga foram nutricionalmente adequados. Palavras-chave:Mangifera indica, fertilizantes minerais, matéria orgânica do solo

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in soil fertility and mineral nutrition of mango orchards in São Francisco Valley, Brazil

Nascimento

et al. 2014

Agraria

“…Only in the areas after 7 and 19 years of cultivation, the Mn contents were within the range considered adequate (Quaggio, 1996), while in all other orchards the values were clearly higher than the adequate level. Similar results of Mn excess in the mango leaves were also reported by Assis et al (2004), Rozane et al (2007), Pinto et al (2009), andGalli et al (2009). The high levels may be explained by the high Mn concentration in the soil and by spraying with Mn-based chemical products to control pests and diseases.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Heavy metals in soils and plants in mango orchards in Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil

Nascimento

Biondi

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

SUMMARYThe monitoring of heavy metal concentrations in areas under intensive agriculture is essential for the agricultural sustainability and food safety. This paper evaluates the total contents of heavy metals in soils and mango trees in orchards of different ages (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 19, and 26 years) in Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil. Soil samples were taken from the layers 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, and mango leaves were collected in the growth stage. Areas of native vegetation (Caatinga) adjacent to the cultivated areas were used for comparison. The total concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Fe, Zn, Mn, Ni, and Pb) were determined in soils and leaves. In general, mango cultivation led to Cu and Zn accumulation in the soil surface and to a reduction in the contents of Ni, Pb, Mn, and Fe in surface and subsurface. Since contamination by Cu, Zn, and Cr was detected, these areas must be monitored to prevent negative environmental impacts. For instance, the presence of Cr in mango tree leaves indicates the need to investigate the source of the element in these orchards. The management strategies of the different companies led to deficiency or excess of some metals in the evaluated areas. However, the Fe and Mn levels were adequate for the mineral nutrition of mango in all areas.

“…to 5 g kg -1 . The absorption of this nutrient can be inhibited with high concentrations of K. This was verified by GALLI et al (2009) in mango varieties conducted in organic farming system. In the second crop cycle there was no difference between nutrients among the analyzed stages, remaining within the sufficiency range.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Nutrient Contents in ‘Tommy Atkins’ Mango Leaves at Flowering and Fruiting Stages

et al. 2016

ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutrient contents in 'Tommy Atkins' mango leaves at the flowering and fruiting stages under different strategies to reduce irrigation levels during flower induction. Five irrigation level reduction strategies, based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc) were used in the plots: T1 (0% ETc), T2 (25% ETc), T3 (50% ETc), T4 (75% ETc) and T5 (100% ETc); two production cycles in the split-plots; and in two development stages, flowering and harvest, in the split-split plots. The content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S, as well as B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Na was determined and leaf chlorophyll index was measured during the second cycle. The content of P, K, Mg, and Cu in the 'Tommy Atkins' mango trees leaves varied according to phases and cycles, regardless of the strategies to reduce irrigation levels in floral induction. The contents of N, Ca, B, Fe, Mn, and Na varied with stages and with the production cycles, in an independent manner. Foliar N contents were above the sufficiency range at the different development stages and cycles evaluated. The indices of a, b, and total chlorophyll varied independent of reading time. The nutrient contents with lower mobility in the plant, Ca, B, Fe and Mn increase in 'Tommy Atkins' mango trees leaves from flowering to fruiting, with the return of irrigation at 100% crop evapotranspiration, while the levels of N, P, K and Mg, nutrients with high mobility in plant decrease.