Production of 'Valência' sweet orange on 41 rootstocks in the north of the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

The objective of this work was to select alternative rootstocks to 'Rangpur' lime for 'Valência' sweet orange scions in the northern region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, based on initial fruit yield. Forty-one rootstocks were evaluated in an experiment carried out in March 2007, in the municipality of Colômbia, in the state of São Paulo. The accumulated fruit yield of 'Valência' sweet orange was assessed in the 2009, 2010, and 2011 crop seasons. The rootstocks 'Sunki' mandarin x Poncirus. trifoliata 'English', 'Malvasio SRA 115' mandarin, 'C-13' “S” citrange, 'Sunki' mandarin x P. trifoliata 'Benecke', 'Valência Rhode Red' sweet orange + 'Volkamer' lemon, 'C-54-4-4 SRA 337' mandarin, 'Cleopatra' mandarin x P. trifoliata 'Rubidoux', and 'À Peau Lisse SRA 267' have potential to replace 'Rangpur' lime in the northern region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Five Rootstocks for “Emperor” Mandarin Under Subtropical Climate in Southern Brazil

“…The ratio between the trunk diameter below and above the graft union (TDB/TDA) may be an indication of scion and rootstock compatibility ( Tazima et al, 2013 ), where indices close to one have been usually considered as the good affinity between them ( Fadel et al, 2018 ). The highest TDB/TDA ratios of the “Emperor” trees were observed for those on “Swingle” citrumelo and “Fepagro C-13” citrange ( Table 1 ).…”

“…Similar TDB/TDA ratios were reported for other mandarins and sweet oranges grafted on the same rootstocks, such as “Marisol” clementine ( Bassal, 2009 ), “Navelina” sweet orange ( Cruz et al, 2019 ), and “Okitsu” satsuma mandarin ( Tazima et al, 2013 , 2014 ). However, the differences in trunk diameters between scion and rootstock may not be related to graft-incompatibility in some cases and may not always influence the horticultural performance of the scion ( Fadel et al, 2018 ). Although the larger differences noticed in our study between scion and rootstock trunk diameters were for the trees on “Swingle” citrumelo and “Fepagro C-13” citrange, these trees did not show any symptoms of incompatibility or decay in the first eleven years after planting.…”

“…This last trait has gained more attention due to climate changes and the need for plants to adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions ( Alfaro et al, 2021 ; Aparicio-Durán et al, 2021 ). However, the susceptibility of “Rangpur” lime to some diseases has raised concerns and need to search for new alternative rootstocks for the Brazilian citrus industry ( Pompeu Junior and Blumer, 2014 ; Fadel et al, 2018 ; Carvalho L. M. et al, 2019 ; Carvalho S. A. et al, 2019 ; Carvalho et al, 2021 ).…”