Physical-hydraulic soil attributes in an integrated production system with different “paricá” forest component arrangements

Abstract

The objective of this work was to compare the structural quality and water retention curve of a Haplustox under single, double, and triple "paricá" (Ochroma pyramidale) lines in an integrated production system at 50 months of implantation. Soil was collected from five sampling points considering the distances from the tree lines. Undisturbed samples were collected from the 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20-m layers in order to assess porosity, density, soil penetration resistance, soil water retention curve, and the "S" index. The forest arrangement based on three paricá lines promoted better soil physical conditions than the system using single lines. The main changes were recorded in the 0.10-0.20-m layer, with increased microporosity and decreased cryptoporosity and resistance to penetration. The arrangements using single and double paricá lines result in higher volume of available water and greater soil compaction.Index terms: Ochroma pyramidale, ICLF, physical quality of the soil, retention curve, water in the soil. Atributos físico-hídricos do solo em sistema integrado de produção com diferentes arranjos do componente florestal paricáResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a qualidade estrutural e a curva de retenção de água de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo sob arranjos de linhas simples, duplas e triplas de paricá (Ochroma pyramidale), em um sistema integrado de produção com 50 meses de implantação. O solo foi coletado em cinco pontos de amostragem em relação à distância do renque das árvores. Foram coletadas amostras indeformadas nas camadas de 0,00-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 m para avaliar porosidade, densidade, resistência do solo à penetração, curva de retenção de água no solo e índice "S". O arranjo florestal com três linhas de paricá promoveu melhores condições físicas ao solo em comparação ao renque de linha simples. As principais alterações ocorreram na camada de 0,10-0,20 m, com aumento da microporosidade e diminuição da criptoporosidade e da resistência à penetração. Os arranjos com paricá em linhas simples e dupla resultam em maiores volumes de água indisponíveis e compactação ao solo.Termos para indexação: Ochroma pyramidale, ILPF, qualidade física do solo, curva de retenção, água do solo.

Growth and Yield Models for Balsa Wood Plantations in the Coastal Lowlands of Ecuador

“…Sites with rainfall equal or below 1000 mm year −1 with seven dry months (here the province of Manabí in the tropical dry forest life zone, TdF-TrF with evapotranspiration ratio of 1-2) or precipitation of 3019 mm year −1 and no dry months (province of Cotopaxi, Twf-TrF with a evapotranspiration ratio 0.2-0.5) were limiting conditions for balsa growth, indicated by H d = 15.3 m, DBH d = 15.6 cm to H d = 20.0 m, DBH d = 21.4 cm at five years. This is consistent with the observations made by Butterfield [54], Dalling et al [55], Pearson et al [56], Healy et al [57], van Breugel et al [58], and Azambuja et al [59], who emphasized that (micro-) variations in water and soils locally affect the tree growth and survival of balsa.…”

Chemical, physical, and biological attributes of the soil in integrated systems

“…With this, the integrated systems and the no-tillage system aim to mitigate environmental impacts and promote the system's sustainability and efficiency in land use (Magalhães et al, 2018). One of the benefits of the production of integrated systems is the development of an edaphic environment favourable to the development and growth of roots due to the soil's physical qualities (Santos et al, 2008;Mendonça et al, 2013;Costa et al, 2015).…”