Characterization, agricultural potential, and perspectives for the management of light soils in Brazil

Abstract

-Light soils occupy 8% of the Brazilian territory and are especially expressive in the new and last agricultural frontier in Brazil: the Matopiba region -in the states of Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí, and Bahia -, where they represent 20% of the area. These soils fit into the textural classes of sand and loamy sand or sandy loam, down to 0.75-m soil depth or deeper, and they are mainly represented by Neossolos Quartzarênicos (Quartzipsamments) and, partly, by Latossolos (Oxisols) and Argissolos (Ultisols). The understanding of soil functioning depends on the establishment of distinguishing criteria for: organic matter dynamics; content and mineralogy of the clay fraction; coarse sand and total sand contents, in relation to those of fine sand; mean diameter of the sand fraction; and water retention capacity. These criteria can contribute for the zoning and for the conservation and fertility management of light soils, as well as for the estimation of their agricultural potential. Integrated production systems, such as crop-livestock and crop-livestock-forestry integration, besides no-tillage with crop rotation, mixed forestry planting with legumes, and the use of green manure and cover crops are relevant for the proper management of these soils. The objective of this review was to characterize light soils and to highlight the main challenges regarding their agricultural potential and their conservation and fertility managements, in face of the expansion and consolidation of the new Brazilian agricultural frontier.

Uso do solo no alto curso do rio Lontra, Tocantins

“…As tecnologias que possibilitam a espacialização dos recursos naturais por meio de imageamento são fundamentais para a subsidiar um desenvolvimento sustentável das atividades econômicas rurais. As variações dos atributos físico-hídricos e químicos permite estabelecimento de avaliação do seu potencial agrícola, além da elaboração de zoneamentos mais adequados ao planejamento de uso e a gestão sustentável dos recursos naturais, como solo, água e biodiversidade (Donagemma, 2016). Desta forma a utilização de imagens orbitais espacial na obtenção estudos em bacias hidrográficas, fornece subsídios para mapeamento de uso e ocupação do solo, auxiliando no planejamento para o uso e exploração dos recursos naturais (Vaeza, Maia e Disperati, 2010).…”

Degradação de áreas com processo de Arenização na Bacia do Córrego Guanabara, município de Reserva do Cabaçal –MT (Degradation of areas with sandstones process in the Guanabara Stream Basin, Municipality Reserva the Cabaçal - MT)

“…Os solos de textura arenosa são naturalmente pobres, por ter baixa capacidade de retenção de nutrientes e de água a camada de MO é fundamental para conservação da vegetação. (Carmo;Val, 2013;Donagemma Et Al., 2016;Olszevski Et Al., 2016). A perda da MO dificulta a permanência da vegetação que leva a formação dos areais.…”

Maintenance of genetic diversity in Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake populations with restriction of the number of trees per family

“…In Anhembi, the test was established using commercial Brazilian plantation practices, such as mineral fertilization during and after planting; leaf-cutting ant (use of bait) and weed control (herbicides). In Brazil, eucalypt plantations are very productive and one of the reasons is the adequate use of fertilizer (Silva et al, 2013a;Laclau et al, 2013;Melo et al, 2015). Mineral fertilization was not done in Selvíria.…”