Fusarium wilt incidence and common bean yield according to the preceding crop and the soil tillage system

Abstract

-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of preceding crops and tillage systems on the incidence of Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) yield. The cultivar BRS Valente was cultivated under center-pivot irrigation in the winter seasons of 2003, 2004 and 2005, after several preceding crops established in the summer seasons. Preceding crops included the legumes Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea), Stylosanthes guianensis, and Crotalaria spectabilis; the grasses Pennisetum glaucum (millet), Sorghum bicolor (forage sorghum), Panicum maximum, and Urochloa brizantha; and a consortium of maize (Zea mays) and U. brizantha (Santa Fé system). Experiments followed a strip-plot design, with four replicates. Fusarium wilt incidence was higher in the no-tillage system. Higher disease incidences corresponded to lower bean yields in 2003 and 2004. Previous summer cropping with U. brizantha, U. brizantha + maize consortium, and millet showed the lowest disease incidence. Therefore, the choice of preceding crops must be taken into account for managing Fusarium wilt on irrigated common bean crops in the Brazilian Cerrado.Index terms: Fusarium oxysporum, Phaseolus vulgaris, crop-livestock integration, crop rotation, no-tillage, soilborne pathogen. Incidência da murcha-de-fusário e produção do feijoeiro de acordo com cultivos prévios e sistemas de preparo do soloResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de cultivos prévios e sistemas de preparo do solo sobre a incidência de murcha-de-fusário (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli) e a produtividade do feijoeiro-comum (Phaseolus vulgaris). A cultivar BRS Valente foi cultivada sob irrigação por pivô central nos invernos de 2003, 2004 e 2005, após diversos cultivos prévios estabelecidos no verão. Os cultivos prévios incluíram as leguminosas Cajanus cajan (guandu), Stylosanthes guianensis e Crotalaria spectabilis; as gramíneas Pennisetum glaucum (milheto), Sorghum bicolor (sorgo-forrageiro), Panicum maximum e Urochloa brizantha; além de um consórcio entre milho (Zea mays) e U. brizantha (sistema Santa Fé). Os experimentos seguiram o delineamento em faixas, com quatro repetições. A incidência da murcha-de-fusário foi maior no sistema plantio direto. As maiores incidências da doença corresponderam ao menor rendimento do feijão-comum em 2003 e 2004. Cultivos de verão prévios com U. brizantha, U. brizantha consorciada com milho, e milheto apresentaram as menores incidências da doença. Portanto, a escolha desses cultivos prévios deve ser considerada para o manejo da murcha-de-fusário, em cultivos irrigados de feijão-comum no Cerrado brasileiro.Termos para indexação: Fusarium oxysporum, Phaseolus vulgaris, integração lavoura-pecuária, rotação de culturas, plantio direto, patógenos habitantes do solo.

Resistance to Fusarium wilt in common bean

“…In Brazil, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli (Fop) occurs in almost all common bean-producing areas (Toledo-Souza et al 2012), reducing the yield significantly. According to Ramalho et al (2012), this happens due to successively adoption of Fop-susceptible cultivars, which is hampering common bean cultivation under center pivot irrigation in several producing areas.…”

Research Article Infection and colonization of common bean by EGFP transformants of <i>Fusarium</i> <i>oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>phaseoli</i>

“…phaseoli (Fop). In Brazil it is the most important bean soil disease, occurring in many states and Fop isolates have high molecular diversity (Toledo-Souza et al, 2012;Cruz et al 2018). This disease results in severe losses that have gradually increased in Brazil, which is mainly in central pivot irrigation, due to intensive production practices, such as planting beans in succession in the same area (Ramalho et al, 2012;Paula Junior et al, 2015).…”

The bean rhizosphere Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain RZ9 strongly reduces Fusarium culmorum growth and infectiveness of plant roots

“…are soil borne plant pathogens representing a major threat to grain legumes crops (Patkowska et al, 2007;Pierre et al, 2016). The Fusarium diseases consist on a loss of seed germination capacity, reduced emergence, vascular wilt, root rot, seed decay rot in host plants that could be responsible of up to 100% yield loss in susceptible cultivars (Patkowska et al, 2007;de Toledo-Souza et al, 2012;Belete et al, 2013). Among Fusarium spp., F. culmorum is mentioned among the major fungal pathogens of beans associated to severe damages as described above (Tseng et al, 1995;Pięta et al, 2005).…”