Efeito de banhos terapêuticos com formalina sobre indicadores de estresse em tambaqui

Abstract

Resumo -A formalina tem sido usada no controle de doenças parasitárias, porém existem poucas informações sobre o efeito secundário desse produto sobre os peixes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de concentrações terapêuticas de formalina na homeostase de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum Cuvier 1818) por meio de índices fisiológicos. Os banhos terapêuticos foram realizados em tanques de 100 L, com soluções de formalina a 0, 100, 150, 200 e 250 mg/L, em tempos de exposição de 0, 30, 60 e 120 minutos; a recuperação dos animais em tanques, sem adição de formalina à água, foi avaliada após 24 horas. Foi realizada a coleta de sangue da veia caudal dos peixes para determinação de glicose, cloretos, sódio, potássio e cálcio. Os peixes não exibiram sinais de estresse na concentração de 100 mg/L de formalina em todos os tempos de exposição. Contudo, banhos de 200 e 250 mg/L causaram aumentos significativos nos níveis de glicose após 30 minutos de exposição. Os resultados sugerem que a formalina pode ser usada nas concentrações de 100 e 150 mg/L em banhos de 30, 60 e 120 minutos e nas concentrações de 200 e 250 mg/L em banhos de até 30 minutos sem comprometer a homeostase do tambaqui.Termos para indexação: Colossoma macropomum, homeostase, piscicultura. Effect of formalin therapeutic bath on stress indicators in tambaquiAbstract -The formalin has been used to control fish disease, however there are little information on secondary effect of this chemical on fish. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of formalin therapeutic concentrations on tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum Cuvier 1818) homeostasis by physiological parameters. Therapeutic baths were carried out in tanks of 100 L with formalin solution at 0, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg/L and exposures of 0, 30, 60 and 120 minutes; recovery of the animals in water without formalin solution was evaluated after 24 hours. Blood was withdrawn from caudal vein to evaluate glucose, chlorides, sodium, potassium and calcium. Fish did not present stress signs in the formalin concentration of 100 mg/L in all exposure times. Although, baths of 200 and 250 mg/L promote significant increase in glucose levels after 30 minutes exposure. Formalin might be used in bath solutions of 100 and 150 mg/L for 30, 60 and 120 minutes and in baths of 200 and 250 mg/L up to 30 minutes without compromising tambaqui homeostasis.

Mebendazole dietary supplementation controls Monogenoidea (Platyhelminthes: Dactylogyridae) and does not alter the physiology of the freshwater fish Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818)

“…Besides the ions, hematological parameters in this study were similar to that found in non-supplemented fish and are in agreement with previous studies for C. macropomum (Chagas et al, 2003;Araújo et al, 2004;Tavares-Dias, 2015).…”

“…Therapeutic bathes (Hashimoto et al, 2016;Malheiros et al, 2016;Soares et al, 2016) and medicated diet (Kim and Choi, 1998;Forwood et al, 2013;Militz et al, 2013) have been used to control monogenean infestations. The most used treatments for monogenean parasites are formalin, potassium permanganate, sodium chloride, acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide (Kabata, 1985;Thatcher, 1991;Fajer-Ávila et al, 2003;Araújo et al, 2004;Bowker et al, 2012;Chagas et al, 2012;Farmer et al, 2013).…”

Antiparasitic efficacy and blood effects of formalin on Arapaima gigas (Pisces: Arapaimidae)

“…Tertiary responses affect the animals' organism, compromising their growth, their resistance to diseases and their reproductive success (Wedemeyer, 1997;Wendelaar Bonga, 1997;Jorgensen and Jørgensen and Buchmann, 2007). Glucose and plasma cortisol are common indicators of stress in fish (Omoregie et al, 1994;Jung et al, 2003;Araújo et al, 2004;Jorgensen and Jørgensen and Buchmann, 2007).…”

“…Similarly, cortisol levels increased in fish exposed to 44, 55 and 66 mg L − 1 formalin whereas calcium levels decreased. Plasma glucose levels also increased in carps (Kakuta et al, 1991) and formalin-exposed tilapias (Omoregie et al, 1994), as well as in Colossoma macropomum exposed to 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg L − 1 formalin, during different exposure times (Araújo et al, 2004). In contrast, Jung et al (2003) studied the effects of formalin 100, 212 and 300 mg L − 1 on Paralichthys olivaceusis for 3 h, and they did not observe changes in plasma glucose levels.…”

Physiological and biochemical changes of females of Piracanjuba, subjected to induced reproduction

“…Researches evaluating fish stress with Brazilian species were made with matrinxã ( Brycon cephalus ) (Carneiro and Urbinati, ; Ide et al., ; Rocha et al., ), tambaqui ( Colossoma macropomum ) (Araújo et al., ), pirarucu ( Arapaimas gigas ) (Brandão et al., ; Gomes, ) and jundiá ( Randia quelen ) (Barcellos et al., ). Barton () considered stress as a set of non‐specific responses of the organism to situations that threaten fish homoeostasis.…”