Soil water erosion under different cultivation systems and different fertilization rates and forms over 10 years

Bertol, Ildegardis; Barbosa, Fabrício Tondello; Mafra, Álvaro Luiz; Flores, Murilo Córdova

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832014000600026

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The increase in water loss (WL) by surface runoff was linear with increasing rain depth (RD) (p≤0.01) (Figure 1a), as reported by Barbosa et al (2012), Amaral et al (2014), and Bertol et al (2014). According to Bertol et al (2014), the increase in RD results in an increase in the volume and speed of runoff and, therefore, in the erosive power.…”

Section: Losses Of Water and Soil Through Erosionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Water Erosion in Different Slope Lengths on Bare Soil

Bagio

Bertol

Wolschick

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Water erosion degrades the soil and contaminates the environment, and one influential factor on erosion is slope length. The aim of this study was to quantify losses of soil (SL) and water (WL) in a Humic Cambisol in a field experiment under natural rainfall conditions from July 4, 2014 to June 18, 2015 in individual events of 41 erosive rains in the Southern Plateau of Santa Catarina and to estimate soil losses through the USLE and RUSLE models. The treatments consisted of slope lengths of 11, 22, 33, and 44 m, with an average degree of slope of 8 %, on bare and uncropped soil that had been cultivated with corn prior to the study. At the end of the corn cycle, the stalk residue was removed from the surface, leaving the roots of the crop in the soil. Soil loss by water erosion is related linearly and positively to the increase in slope length in the span between 11 and 44 m. Soil losses were related to water losses and the Erosivity Index (EI 30 ), while water losses were related to rain depth. Soil losses estimated by the USLE and RUSLE model showed lower values than the values observed experimentally in the field, especially the values estimated by the USLE. The values of factor L calculated for slope length of 11, 22, 33, and 44 m for the two versions (USLE and RUSLE) of the soil loss prediction model showed satisfactory results in relation to the values of soil losses observed.

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Section: Losses Of Water and Soil Through Erosionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Water Erosion in Different Slope Lengths on Bare Soil

Bagio

Bertol

Wolschick

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…Significant variations, when they occurred, were expected, due to the combined effects of climate and the crop cycles for the same treatment, and of the soil management practices for the same crop. Therefore, the conservationist character of NT was partially compromised, since this soil management system was not as effective in controlling the loss of water and nutrients as it was in controlling soil loss, as reported by other authors (Schick et al, 2000;Sharpley et al, 2001;Bertol et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Total annual losses of sediments and water, of extractable phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg), of exchangeable organic matter (OM) in the sediments, and of P, K, Ca, and Mg soluble in water from water erosion, under natural rainfall in the different treatments (Treat) in a Humic Cambisol (average of 15 years) Rev Bras Cienc Solo 2017;41:e0160150 of NT was a 22 % reduction in loss compared to CT, and for the other nutrients and OM, the effectiveness of NT was approximately a 50 % reduction in loss, considering only the sediments. Therefore, specifically in regard to losses of P through the sediments, NT was actually not an entirely conservationist soil management system, a problem already identified by Bertol et al (2007a) and Bertol et al (2014). Taking into account that P is potentially the element causing eutrophication of surface waters, the likely place of deposition of fine sediments carried by water erosion (Shigaki et al, 2007), this is a serious problem.…”

Section: Total Losses Of P K Ca Mg and Organic Matter (Om) And Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient and Organic Carbon Losses, Enrichment Rate, and Cost of Water Erosion

Bertol

Luciano

Bertól

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Soil erosion from water causes loss of nutrients and organic carbon, enriches the environment outside the erosion site, and results in costs. The no-tillage system generates increased nutrient and C content in the topsoil and, although it controls erosion, it can produce a more enriched runoff than in the conventional tillage system. This study was conducted in a Humic Cambisol in natural rainfall from 1997 to 2012 to quantify the contents and total losses of nutrients and organic C in soil runoff, and to calculate the enrichment rates and the cost of these losses. The treatments evaluated were: a) soil with a crop, consisting of conventional tillage with one plowing + two harrowings (CT), minimum tillage with one chisel plowing + one harrowing (MT), and no tillage (NT); and b) bare soil: one plowing + two harrowings (BS). In CT, MT, and NT, black oat, soybean, vetch, corn, turnip, and black beans were cultivated. Over the 15 years, 15. were used in the soil. The P, K, Ca, Mg, and organic C contents in the soil were determined and also the P, K, Ca, and Mg sediments in the runoff water. From these contents, the total losses, the enrichment rates (ER), and financial losses were calculated. The NT increased the P, K, and organic C contents in the topsoil. The nutrients and organic C content in the runoff from NT was greater than from CT, showing that NT was not a fully conservationist practice for soil. The linear model y = a + bx fit the data within the level of significance (p≤0.01) when the values of P, K, and organic C in the sediments from erosion were related to those values in the soil surface layer. The nutrient and organic C contents were higher in the sediments from erosion than in the soil where the erosion originated, generating values of ER>1 for P, K, and organic C. The value of the total losses of nutrients in the form of triple superphosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride, and urea and limestone by water erosion was higher in CT than in NT. For triple superphosphate, the cost of erosion losses was 29 % higher in NT than in CT, while in urea and limestone, the effectiveness of NT in reducing costs was 65 and 50 %, respectively.

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“…BERTOL et al (2014), avaliando a produção de massa seca de diferentes espécies vegetais, incluindo plantas de cobertura, concluíram que o aumento de 25% para 100% da dose recomendada de fertilizantes elevou a produção média de fitomassa em 35%. Segundo AGOSTINETTO et al (2000), diferenças no comportamento das espécies vegetais também podem ocorrer devido a fatores climáticos, edáficos e ambientais, peculiares de cada região, que interferem no crescimento e na adaptação das espécies.…”

Section: Dias Após Emergênciaunclassified