Atributos físico-hídricos de um Argissolo amarelo sob floresta e savana naturais convertidas para pastagem em Roraima

Cruz, Diego Lima de Souza; Júnior, José Frutuoso do Vale; Cruz, Pablo Lima de Souza; Cruz, Anna Bárbara de Souza; Nascimento, Pedro Paulo Ramos Ribeiro

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832014000100031

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Soil compaction, as indicated by increased bulk soil density or soil penetration resistance, and/or by decreased soil porosity, infiltrability or hydraulic conductivity, were consistently observed in all 19 studies we could find conducted in four basins (Coastal South Atlantic, Tocantins, Amazon, Orinoco), including five of six Amazon sub-basins (Xingu, Tapajós, Madeira, Solimões and Negro) [37; 38; 39; 40; 41; 42; 43; 44; 45; 46; 47; 48; 5; 49; 50; 51; 52; 53; 54; 55] (Table 1). Importantly, soil compaction was observed in every type of land use including secondary and logged forests, deforested land, pastures, and in soybean, maize, oil palm, coffee, and teak plantations (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Ponds, puddles, floodplains and dams in the Upper Xingu Basin: could we be witnessing the ‘lentification’ of deforested Amazonia?

Schiesari

Ilha

Negri

et al. 2019

Preprint

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24Hydrological change is a conspicuous signal of land use intensification in human-dominated 25 landscapes. We hypothesized that land conversion and land use change increase the availability of 26 lentic habitats and associated biodiversity in Southern Amazonian landscapes through at least four 27 drivers. River damming promotes the formation of reservoirs, which are novel permanent lentic water 28 bodies. A rise in the water table driven by local deforestation promotes the expansion of shallow 29 riparian floodplains. Soil compaction and the deliberate construction of cattle and drainage ponds 30 promote the increase in temporary water bodies in interfluvia. We tested these hypotheses using data 31 on habitat characterization and biological surveys of amphibians and fish in forests, pastures and 32 soybean fields in the headwaters of the Xingu River in Mato Grosso, Brazil. Lentic habitat availability 33 sharply increased in deforested land, with consequences to freshwater biodiversity. Reservoir 34 formation influenced both fish and amphibian assemblage structure. Fish species ranged from 35 strongly favored to strongly disfavored by reservoir conditions. Amphibian richness and abundance 36 increased in pasture and soybean streams relative to forests, with a strong positive effect of density of 37 reservoirs in the landscape. Expansion of stream floodplains increased the abundance of 38 Melanorivulus megaroni, a fish species indicator of shallow lentic habitats. Rainwater accumulation in 39 temporary ponds and puddles, entirely absent from well-drained forested interfluvia, allowed the 40 invasion of converted interfluvia by twelve species of open-area amphibians. A literature review 41 indicates that these four drivers of hydrological change are geographically widespread suggesting that 42 we may be witnessing a major yet previously unaccounted form of habitat change in deforested 43 Amazonia. 44 45 Introduction 46 Hydrological change is a conspicuous signal of land use intensification in human-dominated 47 landscapes [1]. The importance of water as a resource for human, livestock and crops, as a source of 48 energy, and as pathway for transportation makes water management a quintessential element of 49 human activities. In addition to the deliberate management of waterbodies, interventions in the 50 terrestrial environment indirectly influence hydrology by altering the partitioning of rainfall among the 51 processes of evapotranspiration, infiltration and runoff [2]. 3 52 Frontier landscapes provide a relevant environmental scenario for testing the occurrence and 53 consequences of anthropogenic hydrological change both because ongoing land use change permits 54 side-by-side comparison of converted and native habitats, and because frontiers are regions where 55 biodiversity change is expected to be highest [3]. The Amazon Basin is the largest area of the world 56 currently undergoing frontier settlement and, within the Amazon Basin, the Brazilian state of Mato 57 Grosso accounts for more than 40% of deforested...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Ponds, puddles, floodplains and dams in the Upper Xingu Basin: could we be witnessing the ‘lentification’ of deforested Amazonia?

Schiesari

Ilha

Negri

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Burning of vegetation has been widely used as a deforestation practice, with significant impacts on physical (Scheffler et al, 2011;Comte et al, 2012;Cruz et al, 2014) and chemical (Moreira et al, 2009;Lindell et al, 2010) properties of different soil classes. Some physical effects can be highlighted: reduction in soil water infiltration rate after conversion of forest into pasture and into annual crops in Mato Grosso, Brazil (Scheffler et al, 2011); and increase in surface soil bulk density (SBD) of an Oxisol after conversion of forest into pasture in the Amazon region (Braz et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land Use and Changes in Soil Morphology and Physical-Chemical Properties in Southern Amazon

Melo

Orrutéa

Motta

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Many Amazonian farmers use the slash-and-burn method rather than fertilization for crop production. The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in the morphological, physical, and chemical properties of naturally fertile Inceptisols after conversion from native forest to different uses in southern Amazonia, Brazil. Land covered by dense native forest (NF) was split into four areas of 1.0 ha each. Three areas were slashed and burned and then cultivated for 11 years with coffee (CO), secondary forest (SF), and pasture (PA). Four soil profiles were sampled in each treatment (four uses × four replicates). The mean value distribution of each physical and chemical analysis was determined for different depths, and standard error bars were placed to display significant differences among treatments. Results showed that morphology and physical properties were negatively affected after the establishment of PA and CO: a reduction in the thickness of the A horizon and in aggregate stability, a decrease in total porosity and macroporosity, and an increase in aggregate size and bulk density. Soil bulk density (SBD), geometric mean diameter of water-stable aggregates (GMD), and microporosity (SMi) were higher in soil under pasture as a consequence of more intense soil surface compaction. Native and secondary forests were the only treatments that showed granular structures in the A horizon. Significant differences between native forest and secondary forest were mainly found in the top soil layer for total porosity (STP) (NF>SF), macroporosity (SMa) (NF>SF), SBD (NF>SF) and GMD (SF>NF). Phosphorus contents in the A horizon increased from 6.2 to 21.5 mg kg -1 in PA and to 27.2 mg kg -1 in SF. Soil under coffee cultivation exhibited the lowest levels of Ca 2+ and sum of bases in surface horizons. In all slash-and-burn areas there was a reduction in the C stock (Mg ha -1 ) of the A horizon: native forest 6.3, secondary forest 4.5, pasture 3.3, and coffee 3.1.

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“…Such values of mechanical resistance to penetration in the deepest soil layers may be associated to low humidity and consequent packing of granulometric fractions of the soil (mainly clay), since the clay fraction obtained high averages considering depth (Table 2). Cruz et al (2014) observed elevated MRP values regarding depth due to the clay fraction present in the soil, with critical values at 0.40 m in natural savanna areas in the state of Roraima. The compression indexes are divided according to the following: 0 -optimal environment or not limiting rooting (MRP <1000 kPa); 0.5 -good environment, with little limitation to rooting (MRP between 1000 and 2000 kPa); 1 -environment restrictive to rooting and not suitable for plant growth (MRP >2000 kPa) (Gomes and Filizola, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Soil attributes in agricultural uses and in the Semiarid RN-Brazil in eutrophic Cambisol

Souza¹,

Portela²,

Martins³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Atributos físico-hídricos de um Argissolo amarelo sob floresta e savana naturais convertidas para pastagem em Roraima

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Ponds, puddles, floodplains and dams in the Upper Xingu Basin: could we be witnessing the ‘lentification’ of deforested Amazonia?

Ponds, puddles, floodplains and dams in the Upper Xingu Basin: could we be witnessing the ‘lentification’ of deforested Amazonia?

Land Use and Changes in Soil Morphology and Physical-Chemical Properties in Southern Amazon

Soil attributes in agricultural uses and in the Semiarid RN-Brazil in eutrophic Cambisol

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