Soil physical properties and sugarcane root growth in a red oxiso

Baquero, José; Ralisch, Ricardo; Medina, Cristiane de Conti; Filho, João Tavares; Guimarães, María de Fátima

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832012000100007

Cited by 43 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…The Ma data indicated that the CT and NT were very close to this limit (10 %), which suggested that these areas were already affected by limited plant growth. This reinforced previous results that showed how management strategies involving the use of increasingly larger machines without considering the soil moisture content or without crop rotation facilitate short and long-term compaction (Silva et al, 2000;Tavares Filho et al, 2010Baquero et al, 2012;Llanillo et al, 2006Llanillo et al, , 2013. This idea is reinforced in the radial graphs for the proportional values for the 0-50 cm layer for OM, FD, Bd and Ma (Figure 4).…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Soil Morphologysupporting

confidence: 87%

“…This finding agrees with results of Silva et al (2000) but disagrees with the findings of Silveira et al (1999) and Silveira Neto et al (2006). In addition, these results reinforce the fact that more intensive soil tillage and equipment traffic on the soil surface (especially under inadequate moisture conditions with increased OM degradation on the soil surface) results in greater soil degradation (Neves et al, 2007;Tavares Filho et al, 2010Baquero et al, 2012;Llanillo et al, 2006Llanillo et al, , 2013Calegari et al, 2013).…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Soil Morphologymentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Therefore, between Co and the different management systems, Ma decreased from 0.09 m 3 m -3 in the NTR, to 0.12 m 3 m -3 in the PC and 0.19 m 3 m -3 in the CT and NT management systems. An increase in Bd reduces soil porosity (mainly Ma) by an order of 0.01 m 3 m -3 in the soil pore volume, which corresponds to a decrease of 10 m 3 Mg -1 in the total number of soil pores (Tavares Filho et al, 2010Baquero, et al, 2012). Therefore, for a soil volume of 1 ha to a depth of 0.20 m, the macropores were reduced by 7.20 m 3 ha -1 in the NTR and PC management systems, by 7.60 m 3 ha -1 in the CT management system and by 11.20 m 3 ha -1 in the NT management system, compared to Co.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Soil Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural changes and degradation of Red Latosols under different management systems for 20 years

Filho

Melo

Machado

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYSoils are the foundation of terrestrial ecosystems and their role in food production is fundamental, although physical degradation has been observed in recent years, caused by different cultural practices that modify structures and consequently the functioning of soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate possible structural changes and degradation in an Oxisol under different managements for 20 years: no-tillage cultivation with and without crop rotation, perennial crop and conventional tillage, plus a forested area (reference). Initially, the crop profile was described and subsequently, 10 samples per management system and forest soil were collected to quantify soil organic matter, flocculation degree, bulk density, and macroporosity. The results indicated structural changes down to a soil depth of 50 cm, with predominance of structural units ∆µ ∆µ ∆µ ∆µ ∆µ (intermediate compaction level) under perennial crop and no-tillage crop rotation, and of structural units ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆ (compacted) under conventional tillage and no-tillage. The soil was increasingly degraded in the increasing order: forest => no-tillage crop rotation => perennial crop => no-tillage without crop rotation => conventional tillage. In all managements, the values of organic matter and macroporosity were always below and bulk density always above those of the reference area (forest) and, under no-tillage crop rotation and perennial crop, the flocculation degree was proportionally equal to that of the reference area.Index terms: crop profile, soil physical properties, organic matter, soil quality. RESUMO: MUDANÇAS ESTRUTURAIS E DEGRADAÇÃO DE ATRIBUTOS DE LATOSSOLO VERMELHO SUBMETIDO A DIFERENTES MANEJOS POR 20 ANOSO solo integra os ecossistemas terrestres e o papel dele na produção de alimentos é essencial, embora nos últimos anos tenha se constatado sua degradação física em razão das diferentes práticas culturais utilizadas que modificam sua estrutura e, consequentemente, seu funcionamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar possíveis mudanças estruturais, bem como a degradação de Latossolo Vermelho submetido a diferentes manejos por 20 anos. As avaliações foram realizadas em diferentes manejos: semeadura direta com e sem rotação de culturas; cultura perene; e preparo convencional, além de uma área de mata (referência). Inicialmente, fez-se a descrição do perfil cultural e, na sequência, coletaram-se 10 amostras de solo em cada manejo considerado e sob mata nativa para quantificar o teor de matéria orgânica, o grau de floculação, a densidade e a macroporosidade do solo. Os resultados indicaram mudanças estruturais até 50 cm de profundidade com predomínio de unidades estruturais ∆µ (nível intermediário de compactação) nos manejos cultura perene e semeadura direta com rotação de culturas e unidades estruturais ∆ (compactado), nos manejos preparo convencional e semeadura direta. A degradação do solo, da menor para a maior, ocorreu na seguinte ordem: Mata => semeadura direta com rotação de culturas => cultura perene => semeadura dir...

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Section: Evaluation Of the Soil Morphologysupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Evaluation Of the Soil Morphologymentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Evaluation Of the Soil Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural changes and degradation of Red Latosols under different management systems for 20 years

Filho

Melo

Machado

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…A high concentration of roots in a given soil layer also produces greater amounts of OC, influencing reduction in BD and increasing soil porosity (Baquero et al, 2012;Matias et al, 2012.). However, higher OC intake shown by U. brizantha in the 0.00-0.10 m soil layer (Table 5) might not be the predominant factor in the formation of smaller and less cohesive aggregates in this layer because the OC levels are still very low.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, the root mass (RM) concentration ranged from 66 to 81 % in the 0.00-0.10 m layer, decreasing to 13-28 % in the 0.10-0.20 m layer, and from 6 to 10 % in the 0.20-0.30 m layer, after 58 months of revegetation (Table 4). Therefore, the values of root growth observed in the constructed minesoil under study are not simply expressing a feature of the roots of most grasses, but are indicating the inadequate physical conditions below the 0.00-0.10 m layer, as shown by the values of macroporosity (Ma) (<0.10 m 3 m -3 ) and bulk density (BD) (>1.40 Mg m -3 ) (Table 5), considered restrictive to root development for most crops in clay soils (Reichert et al, 2003;Girardelo et al, 2011;Baquero et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reclamation of a Degraded Coal-Mining Area with Perennial Cover Crops

Pauletto

Stumpf

Pinto

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Studies addressing the potential of grass roots in improving the structural quality of constructed minesoils are not frequent in the literature, although they are essential for understanding the re-establishment of soil functions in the environment. The objective of this study was to quantify the root attributes of the species Urochloa humidicola, Panicum maximum, and Urochloa brizantha and relate them to the physical properties of a constructed minesoil in reclamation of an area degraded by coal mining. The study was performed in a field experiment in a coal mining area located in southern Brazil. Soil samples were collected, five years after experiment installation, to determine bulk density, macroporosity, distribution of water stable aggregates expressed in different size classes, mean weight diameter of water stable aggregates, and organic carbon content, as well as for chemical characterization. Root sampling was performed by the monolith method to a depth of 0.30 m. Results confirm the hypothesis that the root system of the perennial grasses studied positively contributes to recovery of the constructed minesoil in the 0.00-0.10 m layer after 58 months of revegetation. The higher percentage of large aggregates, higher bulk density, and lower macroporosity in the subsurface indicate the presence of degraded layers, negatively influencing the development of the grass root system. Urochloa brizantha exhibited the largest root matter in the surface layer, influencing the breakdown of the large and cohesive aggregates, transforming them into smaller crumbly aggregates. In the 0.10-0.20 m layer, Urochloa humidicola showed greater volume and root length in relation to other species; nevertheless, changes in soil physical properties were not observed, showing that the time span of the root growth of the species was not sufficient to provide improvements in the subsurface layers.

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Soil physical quality response to management systems in a long‐term sugarcane trial

Martíni,

Valani,

da Silva

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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In order to support sugarcane growth for biofuel production without compromising the environmental sustainability, this work aims to assess the physical quality of soils cultivated under different long‐term tillage and management systems to identify the system that most contributes for a sustainable sugarcane production. Visual assessments and soil sampling to determine physical soil quality indicators were performed in sugarcane plots managed with no‐tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) with 0 (CT0–NT0) and 4 (CT4–NT4) Mg ha−1 of lime and in an adjoining area with native forest. In general, the results from traditional indicators showed no statistical difference between the different sugarcane cultivation systems and the different depths, so were not sensitive to identify the best tillage and management system in relation to soil physical quality for soils cultivated with sugarcane. However, even without statistical difference, three indicators presented limiting values for plant growth and development (Bd, ASW, and S index) in at least two sugarcane cultivation systems and one depth. Although all the systems showed a good soil structural quality in surface, the visual assessments suggest a poor and unsatisfactory soil structural quality in the subsurface of CT0, CT4, and NT0 (3.7 ± 0.2, 3.3 ± 0.6, and 3.7 ± 0.7 in Visual Evaluation of Soil Structure [VESS] and 2.2 ± 0.3, 3.1 ± 1.0, and 3.6 ± 1.1 in Rapid Diagnosis of Soil Structure [DRES], respectively), requiring immediate management changes, while structural quality in NT4 (2.6 ± 0.9 and 3.9 ± 0.7, in VESS and DRES, respectively) was considered good. Thus, NT4 is suggested as the tillage and management system that least compromises structural quality of soils cultivated with sugarcane, and it is considered a viable alternative to promote soil conservation, as well as environmental and economical sustainability for sugarcane cultivation, as this system corrects soil acidity, minimally disturbs the soil, and maintains the soil cover, thus delivering ecosystem services.

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Soil physical properties and sugarcane root growth in a red oxiso

Cited by 43 publications

References 31 publications

Structural changes and degradation of Red Latosols under different management systems for 20 years

Structural changes and degradation of Red Latosols under different management systems for 20 years

Reclamation of a Degraded Coal-Mining Area with Perennial Cover Crops

Soil physical quality response to management systems in a long‐term sugarcane trial

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