Intimate Partner Violence Against Pregnant Women: Study About The Repercussions On The Obstetric And Neonatal Results

Abstract

RESUMENEstudio observacional, descriptivo y analí-tico que buscó identificar la prevalencia de violencia del compañero íntimo (VCI) en mujeres embarazadas y clasificarla según tipo y frecuencia e identificar los resultados obstétricos y neonatales y su asociación con la ocurrencia de VCI en el embarazo actual. La recolección de datos se realizó por medio de entrevistas estructuradas y la revisión del historial médico de 232 mujeres que recibieron atención prenatal en un hospital público. El análisis se realizó con el programa estadístico SAS® 9.0. Se encontró que el 15,5% de las participantes sufrió VCI durante el embarazo, de éstas el 14,7% sufrió violencia psicológica, el 5,2% violencia física y el 0,4% violencia sexual. Las mujeres que no deseaban el embarazo tenían más probabilidades de experimentar VCI (p <0.00, OR=4,32 y IC 95% [1,77 -10,54]). No se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la VCI y las repercusiones obstétricas y neonatales. Se concluyó que, para las participantes del estudio, no hubo repercusiones negativas relacionadas con la VCI. DESCRIPTORESViolencia contra la mujer Embarazo Maltrato conyugal Salud materno-infantil Enfermería materno-infantil RESUMOEste estudo observacional, descritivo e analítico que objetivou identificar a prevalência de violência por parceiro íntimo (VPI) entre gestantes e classificá-la quanto ao tipo e frequência; identificar resultados obstétricos e neonatais e suas associações com a ocorrência da VPI na gestação atual. Foi desenvolvido com 232 gestantes que realizaram acompanhamento pré-natal em uma maternidade pública. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista estruturada e nos prontuários e analisados com o programa SAS® 9.0. Entre as participantes, 15,5% sofreram VPI durante a gestação, sendo que 14,7% sofreram violência psicológica, 5,2%, violência física e 0,4%, violência sexual. As mulheres que não desejaram a gestação tiveram maior chance de sofrer VPI (p<0,00; OR=4,32 e IC 95% [1,77 -10,54]). Com relação às repercussões obstétricas e neonatais, não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis investigadas. Conclui-se que para as participantes do estudo, não houve repercussões obstétricas e neonatais negativas relacionadas à VPI na gestação. DESCRITORESViolência contra a mulher Gravidez Maus-tratos conjugais Saúde materno-infantil Enfermagem materno-infantil ABSTRACTThis observational, descriptive and analytic study aimed to identify the prevalence of IPV cases among pregnant women and classify them according to the type and frequency; identify the obstetric and neonatal results and their associations with the intimate partner violence (IPV) occurrence in the current pregnancy. It was developed with 232 pregnant women who had prenatal care at a public maternity hospital. Data were collected via structured interview and in the patients' charts and analyzed through the statistic software SAS® 9.0. Among the participants, 15.5% suffered IPV during pregnancy, among that 14.7% suffered psychological violence, 5.2% physical v...

Intimate partner violence against pregnant women: the environment according to Levine's nursing theory

“…However, other forms of violence (sexual, moral and psychological) were identified. Studies corroborate these results in pointing out that the standard of IPV during pregnancy can be changed in the form, frequency and severity, particularly where violence existed before pregnancy (7,(10)(11)14) .…”

“…It should be noted that there are risks to sexual and reproductive health and denial of sexual and reproductive rights that are subject to women in IPV situations (6,14) , such as the pregnant women of this study.…”

“…The comparable variables are related to the greater number of single women, with white skin, mostly in their reproductive age, with low education levels, with a low paying job, putting them in unfavorable economic and social levels. Regarding obstetric history, other studies (14,19) with pregnant women in situations of violence indicate that most of them are multiparous women with previous abortion experiences and unplanned pregnancies who start prenatal care in the second trimester of pregnancy.…”

“…Instead, they were cyclical and continuous. Therefore, this situation should be considered that violence is perpetrated not only against women, as it can result in possible negative consequences to the fetus and neonate (4,14) . Moreover, it is considered that aggression perceived by the body, which hurt, injure, and often bleed, transcend the physical marks and also affect the mental health of pregnant women, making it a challenge to maintain the biopsychosocial and spiritual balance in a hostile environment in order to maintain and preserve its entirety.…”

“…With respect to nurses, it is necessary that they recognize IPV as a multifaceted phenomenon that may bring consequences to maternal health, by understanding/getting to know their environment through the care and bonds of trust acquired by their constant presence in health facilities (14) .…”