Adaptação transcultural do Vulnerable Elders Survey-13 (VES-13): contribuindo para a identificação de idosos vulneráveis

Abstract

RESUmoPara a utilização do VES-13 -instrumento que identifica idosos vulneráveis -foi realizada sua adaptação transcultural, processo que visa à equivalência entre o instrumento original e sua versão em outra cultura. A avaliação da equivalência semântica, idiomática cultural e conceitual obteve uma média geral de concordância de 78%, 78%, 97% e 94%, respectivamente. Para verificar a concordância no teste--reteste, utilizou-se o coeficiente Kappa de Cohen, onde a maioria das variáveis foram significantes. A análise de sua consistência interna foi verificada pelo uso do coeficiente alpha de Cronbach, onde 70% do fenô-meno em estudo estão representados no instrumento. O VES-13, traduzido e adaptado, mostrou-se um instrumento confiável no que diz respeito à estabilidade e consistência interna de suas medidas. Sua estrutura simples e de fácil aplicabilidade pode, portanto, favorecer a identificação das pessoas idosas vulneráveis, contribuindo, assim, para a priorização do acompanhamento pelos serviços de saúde. Original article AbStRACtTo use the VES-13 -a tool for identifying vulnerable older people -cultural adaptation was performed, a process that seeks the equivalence between the original instrument and its version in another culture. The evaluation of semantic, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalence obtained a general average agreement of 78%, 78%, 97.0% and 94.0% respectively. Kappa coefficient was used to verify the agreement in test-retest reliability, where variables were significant. The analysis of internal consistency was measured by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, where 70% of the phenomenon under study are represented in the VES-13. The VES-13, translated and adapted, is a reliable instrument with respect to stability and internal consistency of their measurements. Its simple structure and easy to use may therefore contribute to the identification of vulnerable older people, thus contributing to the prioritization of monitoring health services. RESUmEnPara utilizar el VES-13 -una herramienta para la identificación de las personas mayores vulnerables -la adaptación cultural se llevó a cabo, un proceso que busca la equivalencia entre el instrumento original y su versión en otra cultura. La evaluación de la equivalencia semántica, idiomática, cultural y conceptual obtuvo un acuerdo general en promedio de 78%, 78%, 97,0% y 94,0%, respectivamente. Para verificar la concordancia en la fiabilidad test-retest, se utilizó el coeficiente Kappa de Cohen, donde las variables fueron significativas. El análisis de consistencia interna se midió mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, donde están representados el 70% del fenómeno en estudio en el VES-13. El VES-13, traducida y adaptada, era un instrumento confiable con respecto a la estabilidad y la consistencia interna de sus mediciones. Su estructura simple y fácil de usar por lo tanto, puede contribuir a la identificación de las personas mayores vulnerables, contribuyendo así a la priorización de los servicios de vigilancia de la salud.

Vulnerabilidade física de idosos na alta hospitalar

“…Physical vulnerability was identified through the Vulnerable Elders Survey-13 (VES-13) 6 , which is composed of 13 questions, divided into four items that evaluate age, self-perceived health, and presence of physical limitations and inabilities 5,6,9 . This survey has a score range from 0 to 10, and a value equal or greater than 3 indicates the older adult presents a risk of functional decline and death in the next two years, which is a risk 4.2 times higher than for older adults that present a score of 2 or less 6 .…”

“…The questionnaire was translated and adapted to the Brazilian population, with means of 79% and 94% in the cultural and conceptual idiomatic equivalence evaluation, respectively. For internal consistency analysis 5 , it presented α=0.70, and the questionnaire could be responded by the patient or caregiver, showing a intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.88…”

“…We use this term to characterize a person in vulnerable condition, not only from the biomedical viewpoint, but also from social and economic aspects, among others. In older adults, vulnerability varies according to the level of dependency for activities of daily living 3,5,6 . In this context, hospitalized older adults present slower and more complicated recovery, higher rates of morbidity and prolonged hospital stay 7 .…”

Specific precautions: experiences of hospitalized patients

“…The individual dimension corresponds to the perception that individuals have about the aggravation and the behavior that favors its occurrence, favoring the empowerment for its transformation; the programmatic considers the accessibility of individuals to what is produced and organized by health institutions, considering the issues of disease control and prevention (11,14) . The social dimension, on the other hand, provides access to information in an expanded way, focusing its actions on reducing social injustices, considered one of the most used concepts for coping with the vulnerabilities of a population (15) . The individual dimension has important characteristics to describe the condition of patients under specific precautions considering behavior, knowledge and perception of individuals as for the risk of infection (6) .…”

Influências da sobrecarga no cônjuge do cuidador do idoso fragilizado

“…Thus, the health of the caregiver has been gaining prominence as the policies of dehospitalization are advanced. [6][7] Given this context and considering that many caregivers of fragile elderly have spouses, the following research question emerged: What changes occur in the life of the spouse and other family members of the caregiver of a frail elderly? Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the influences of the overload in the caregiver's spouse of the frail elderly.…”