2006
DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762006001000020
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Broken noses for the gods: ritual battles in the Atacama Desert during the Tiwanaku period

Abstract: The sample consists of 226 skulls from the Atacameño cemetery of Coyo

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Cited by 34 publications
(31 citation statements)
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“…In actuality, the historical record indicates that the use of fists to strike an opponent was common in many human cultures, including the Chinese Xia dynasty (2100-1600 BCE; Henning, 1997), Mesopotamia (3000-1000 BCE; Murray, 2010); Thebes, Egypt (1350 BCE; Murray, 2010), Greece (eighth century BCE; Powell, 2014), Hausa people of the Sahel region of Africa (Gems, 2014), and the Aymara and Quechua people of the Andes (Lessa and Mendonça de Souza, 2006). The ethnography literature also contains many examples, from around the world, of males fighting with their fists (de CocCola and King, 1955;Balikci, 1989;Shimkin, 1990;Scott and Buckley, 2014;Tausk, 2010;Chagnon, 2013;Walker, 1997;Draper, 1978).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In actuality, the historical record indicates that the use of fists to strike an opponent was common in many human cultures, including the Chinese Xia dynasty (2100-1600 BCE; Henning, 1997), Mesopotamia (3000-1000 BCE; Murray, 2010); Thebes, Egypt (1350 BCE; Murray, 2010), Greece (eighth century BCE; Powell, 2014), Hausa people of the Sahel region of Africa (Gems, 2014), and the Aymara and Quechua people of the Andes (Lessa and Mendonça de Souza, 2006). The ethnography literature also contains many examples, from around the world, of males fighting with their fists (de CocCola and King, 1955;Balikci, 1989;Shimkin, 1990;Scott and Buckley, 2014;Tausk, 2010;Chagnon, 2013;Walker, 1997;Draper, 1978).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Expe riência s ante rior es com séries atacamenhas , 2004, 2006, 2007 demonstraram que a análise estatísitca, mesmo com a utiliza ção de teste s específ icos para amostras pequenas, como o de Fisher, apresenta pouca sensibilidade na identificação de variações ocorridas ao acaso na presença de valores de contagem baixos e representados por pequenas variações. Por este motivo, a significância estatística da s di fe re nç as ob se rv ad as nã o fo i verificada através de testes estatísticos.…”
Section: Methodsunclassified
“…Exclui ndo-s e o percentual masculino excepcionalment e baixo observado no período pré-Tiwanaku (5,8%), tanto no período Tiwanaku quanto no período de transição os episódio de agressão foram mais comuns entre os homens (Lessa & Mendonça de Souza, 2004, 2006, 2007.…”
Section: Frequências De Lesões Associadas à Violênciaunclassified
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