Development of Schistosoma mansoni worms in mice analyzed by bright field and confocal microscopy

Biolchini, Carla de Lamare; Neves, Renata Heisler; Hulstijn, Maarten; Gomes, Delir Corrêa; Machado-Silva, José Roberto

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762006000900040

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…As development proceeded to 25 days, however, the ovaries accumulated mature cells and vitelline glands gradually developed. These findings were similar to those of a study of S. mansoni (Biolchini et al , 2006). In the present study, a fully developed reproductive system was first observed at 30 days.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Rather than sectioning tissues, it is possible to produce relatively non-invasive ‘optical sections’ using CLSM (Paddock, 1996). Previously, several studies used CLSM to study the morphology of S. mansoni (Neves et al , 2001, 2005; Biolchini et al , 2006; Beckmann et al , 2010b). In this study, CLSM was used to visualize the growth of S. japonicum in mice by examining reproductive developmental traits and the differences between mixed and unisexual infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Worm morphology of Schistosoma japonicum using confocal laser scanning microscopy

Zhang¹,

Zhang²,

Liu³

et al. 2011

J. Helminthol.

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Male and female Schistosoma japonicum worms have dissimilar appearances in their final host. In this study, a morphometric and morphological assessment of whole worms derived from unisexual and mixed infections in mice was conducted using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Worms from mixed infections showed significant morphological changes between 15 and 25 days post-infection (PI). On the fifteenth day PI, 33% of males had formed the conspicuous gynecophoric canal, but only 8% of them had testicular lobes containing a few germinative cells; 13% of females had incipient ovaries with a few immature ovarian cells inside. On the twentieth day PI, the testicular lobes contained more germinative cells in all male worms, while female worms presented vitelline glands. On the twenty-fifth day PI, more germinative cells were observed in the male testicular lobes, and differentiated cells were present in the female ovaries. All worms had fully developed reproductive organs from 30 days PI onwards. Morphometric analysis showed significant differences between mixed and unisexual infections at 35 days PI. Ovaries of worms from unisexual infections contained cells in one stage of maturation and vitelline glands had undifferentiated cells. Our study of S. japonicum provides a detailed comparison of different morphological traits from worms of mixed and unisexual infections throughout development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worm morphology of Schistosoma japonicum using confocal laser scanning microscopy

Zhang¹,

Zhang²,

Liu³

et al. 2011

J. Helminthol.

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“…Schistosomes have evolved a lifestyle that involves the cooperation of morphologically and transcriptionally distinct male and female forms. Male schistosomes are responsible for fecundation, maintaining female maturation and transporting them to the site of oviposition (Biolchini et al , 2006). In contrast, females invest all of their metabolic energy in maximizing reproductive fitness and production of eggs (Morand & Muller-Graf, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of low-protein diet onSchistosoma mansonimorphology visualized by morphometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy

et al. 2009

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Previous studies have shown that protein deficiencies can hamper both the course of experimental schistosomiasis and normal development of adult worms. To further investigate this relationship, we compared adult male and female Schistosoma mansoni from malnourished and well-fed mice through morphometric and confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis. Swiss mice were fed protein-deficient diets (8%) and infected subcutaneously with approximately 80 S. mansoni cercariae (BH strain, Brazil). Control mice were fed a standard rodent diet (23% protein). The nutritional status was evaluated by body weight gain and albumin values. Mice were sacrificed 63 days post-infection. Recovered worms were stained with hydrochloric carmine and preserved as whole-mounts for bright-field examination and confocal microscopy. The body weight gain and serum albumin concentrations were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in malnourished mice than in controls. In general, all morphometric values of specimens grown in malnourished mice were lower than those of control mice. Schistosome worms grown in malnourished mice had statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in the reproductive system and tegument than those grown in mice fed standard diets. In female worms, vitelline glands showed few remaining follicles and ovaries lacked mature oocytes. In male parasites, tubercles were fewer in number on the dorsal surface and testicular lobes presented fewer differentiated germinal cells. In summary, we describe novel data supporting the view that low-protein diets may influence the development of adult worms.

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“…The paired worms were placed in ice water to separate the males and females. Slide specimens were prepared using the conventional method [25, 26] and observed under a microscope equipped with an automatic ACT-2U camera (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). The total worm length, along with the dimensions of the oral sucker, ventral sucker and ovary were measured using NIS-Elements, a Nikon image analysis software.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of transcriptional profiles of Schistosoma japonicum adult worms derived from primary-infected and re-infected water buffaloes

Mao

et al. 2019

Parasites Vectors

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Background Schistosoma japonicum ( S. japonicum ) is an important zoonotic parasite that is prevalent in China and parts of Southeast Asia. Water buffaloes are an important reservoir and the main transmission sources of S. japonicum . However, self-curing and resistance to re-infection have been observed in water buffaloes. Results In this study, we compared the morphometry and differences in transcriptional expression of adult S. japonicum worms recovered from primary-infected and re-infected water buffaloes using Illumina RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology. Results of morphometry analysis revealed that adult S. japonicum worms recovered from re-infected water buffaloes were runtish with smaller organs. The ventral length of male worms was shorter in re-infected buffaloes (328 ± 13 vs 273 ± 8 µm, P < 0.05), and in female worms the oral sucker length (44 ± 3 vs 33 ± 5 µm, P < 0.05), ovary length (578 ± 23 vs 297 ± 27 µm, P < 0.05) and width (150 ± 8 vs 104 ± 9 µm, P < 0.05) were shorter, with fewer eggs in the uteri (41 ± 2 vs 12 ± 1, P < 0.05). Of 13,605 identified genes, 112 were differentially expressed, including 51 upregulated and 61 downregulated genes, in worms from re-infected compared with primary-infected water buffaloes. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that GO terms such as “oxidation-reduction process”, “calcium-dependent phospholipid binding”, “lipid binding” and “calcium ion binding” were significantly enriched in downregulated genes, whereas GO terms related to metabolism and biosynthesis were significantly enriched in upregulated genes. The results revealed that the downregulation of some important genes might contribute to a reduction in worm numbers and maldevelopment of surviving worms in re-infected water buffaloes. Furthermore, upregulation of genes related to metabolic processes and biosynthesis might be a compensatory mechanism of worms in disadvantageous environments. Conclusions To our knowledge, our results present the first large-scale transcriptional expression study identifying the differences between adult S. japonicum worms from primary-infected and re-infected water buffaloes, and particularly emphasize differential expression that may affect the survival and growth of worms in re-infected water buffalo. This will provide new insight into screening for anti-schistosome targets and vaccine candidates. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3600-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to ...

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Development of Schistosoma mansoni worms in mice analyzed by bright field and confocal microscopy

Abstract: The blood flukes of mammals (Digenea: Schistosomatidae)

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Worm morphology of Schistosoma japonicum using confocal laser scanning microscopy

Worm morphology of Schistosoma japonicum using confocal laser scanning microscopy

Effects of low-protein diet onSchistosoma mansonimorphology visualized by morphometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy

Comparative analysis of transcriptional profiles of Schistosoma japonicum adult worms derived from primary-infected and re-infected water buffaloes

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