Ingestion of saliva during carbohydrate feeding by Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera; Psychodidae)

Cavalcante, Reginaldo Roris; Pereira, Marcos H.; Freitas, Jorge M.; Gontijo, Nelder F.

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762006000100016

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In addition to the acidification, the phlebotomine saliva could act on Leishmania promastigotes in the absence of haemin, driving them to a differentiation pathway, as proposed by Charlab and colleagues (Charlab et al, 1995). In fact, saliva is regularly ingested during the sugar meal phase after blood digestion (Cavalcante et al, 2006). This post-blood meal stage, characterized by low levels of nutrients in an acidic environment, should correspond (in infected phlebotomines) to the stationary growth phase in the culture medium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…These grains are apparently stocked in the diverticulum where the pH is not controlled by the insect. Probably, the salivary α-amylase (Ribeiro et al, 2000), which works well at pH 7 and is ingested with the saliva when the insects V. C. Santos and others ingest sugar (Cavalcante et al, 2006), digests the starch present in the diverticulum, making this carbohydrate an alternative nutrient for the insect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The physiology of the midgut ofLutzomyia longipalpis(Lutz and Neiva 1912): pH in different physiological conditions and mechanisms involved in its control

Santos

Araújo

Machado

et al. 2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYNutrient digestion and absorption after blood feeding are important events for Lutzomyia longipalpis, which uses these nutrients to produce eggs. In this context, the pH inside the digestive tract is an important physiological feature as it can markedly influence the digestive process as well as interfere with Leishmania development in infected phlebotomines. It was described previously that unfed females have an acidic midgut (pH 6). In this study, the pH inside the midgut of blood-fed females was measured. The abdominal midgut (AM) pH varied from 8.15±0.31 in the first 10 h post-blood meal to 7.7±0.17 after 24 h. While the AM was alkaline during blood digestion, the pH in the thoracic midgut (TM) remained acidic (5.5-6.0). In agreement with these findings, the enzyme α-glucosidase, which has an optimum pH of 5.8, is mainly encountered in the acidic TM. The capacity of unfed females to maintain the acidic intestinal pH was also evaluated. Our results showed the presence of an efficient mechanism that maintains the pH almost constant at about 6 in the midgut, but not in the crop. This mechanism is promptly interrupted in the AM by blood ingestion. RT-PCR results indicated the presence of carbonic anhydrase in the midgut cells, which apparently is required to maintain the pH at 6 in the midgut of unfed females. Investigations on the phenomenon of alkalization observed after blood ingestion indicated that two mechanisms are involved: in addition to the alkalization promoted by CO 2 volatilization there is a minor contribution from a second mechanism not yet characterized. Some inferences concerning Leishmania development and pH in the digestive tube are presented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physiology of the midgut ofLutzomyia longipalpis(Lutz and Neiva 1912): pH in different physiological conditions and mechanisms involved in its control

Santos

Araújo

Machado

et al. 2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…The successful application of this approach is consistent with previous studies investigating feeding behavior of P. papatasi 22 . Furthermore, detection of plant DNA in sand fly guts is biologically plausible as sand flies feed directly from the plant’s tissue 23 24 to obtain sugars that will be used as energy sources 25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA barcode for the identification of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis plant feeding preferences in a tropical urban environment

Lima

Mesquita

Skrip

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Little is known about the feeding behavior of hematophagous insects that require plant sugar to complete their life cycles. We studied plant feeding of Lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies, known vectors of Leishmania infantum/chagasi parasites, in a Brazilian city endemic with visceral leishmaniasis. The DNA barcode technique was applied to identify plant food source of wild-caught L. longipalpis using specific primers for a locus from the chloroplast genome, ribulose diphosphate carboxylase. DNA from all trees or shrubs within a 100-meter radius from the trap were collected to build a barcode reference library. While plants from the Anacardiaceae and Meliaceae families were the most abundant at the sampling site (25.4% and 12.7% of the local plant population, respectively), DNA from these plant families was found in few flies; in contrast, despite its low abundance (2.9%), DNA from the Fabaceae family was detected in 94.7% of the sand flies. The proportion of sand flies testing positive for DNA from a given plant family was not significantly associated with abundance, distance from the trap, or average crown expansion of plants from that family. The data suggest that there may indeed be a feeding preference of L. longipalpis for plants in the Fabaceae family.

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“…Both males and females Phlebotomine in their adult state have phytophagous habits, associated with the ingestion of sugar from sap, plant phylloplanes, or from leaves that are rich in protein and water [36], [48], [49], [50], [51]. This suggests that amylolytic bacteria play a role only in the initial stages of digestion, which includes the decomposition of complex sugar polymers into dimers or oligomers (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic, antimicrobial, and leishmanicidal bioactivity of gram-negative bacteria strains from the midgut of Lutzomyia evansi, an insect vector of leishmaniasis in Colombia

Vivero

Mesa

Robledo

et al. 2019

Biotechnology Reports

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HighlightsThe methanolic extract of Enterobacter hormaechei showed leishmanicidal activity against promastigotes of Leishmania braziliensis (strain UA301).P. ananatis, E. cloacae, A. gyllenbergii, O. anthropi and P. otitidis are promising bacteria in the biotechnology field as well as for biological control due to several enzymatic and antimicrobial bioactivities.Differential production of enzymes and secondary metabolites by Gram-negative bacteria could contribute to physiological and metabolic processes in the intestine of Lutzomyia evansi.

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Ingestion of saliva during carbohydrate feeding by Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera; Psychodidae)

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

The physiology of the midgut ofLutzomyia longipalpis(Lutz and Neiva 1912): pH in different physiological conditions and mechanisms involved in its control

The physiology of the midgut ofLutzomyia longipalpis(Lutz and Neiva 1912): pH in different physiological conditions and mechanisms involved in its control

DNA barcode for the identification of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis plant feeding preferences in a tropical urban environment

Enzymatic, antimicrobial, and leishmanicidal bioactivity of gram-negative bacteria strains from the midgut of Lutzomyia evansi, an insect vector of leishmaniasis in Colombia

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