Variants of the Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein (VK210 and VK247) in Colombian isolates

González, John Mario; Hurtado, Silvia; Arévalo‐Herrera, Myriam; Herrera, Sócrates

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762001000500023

Cited by 55 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The worldwide distribution of both VK types has been noted earlier (13). Moreover, Gonzalez et al (14) found both types in localities from Colombia, South America. Cui et al (36) also found both types in samples from a single locality, Mae Sod in Thailand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Two CSP types have been distinguished in P. vivax, VK210 and VK247, with distinctive composition of the repeating units in the central region of the protein sequence (12)(13)(14). The two CSP types, VK210 and VK247, are diagnostically different in each of the four regions that make up the gene: the 5Ј NR and 3Ј NR terminal regions, the CR region, and the IR between CR and 3Ј NR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have investigated the nucleotide sequence of the Csp gene in 24 strains of P. vivax and 2 of P. simium. The Csp sequences of P. vivax are of two types, VK210 and VK247, which differ in the amino acid composition of the central repetitive region of the gene (12)(13)(14), but also by three diagnostic amino acid replacements, one in each of the 5Ј and 3Ј terminal regions of the gene and the third in an insertion region (IR) between the central repeat (CR) and the 3Ј terminal region. Both variants are present in P. vivax form in the New and Old World.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Plasmodium vivax : Recent world expansion and genetic identity to Plasmodium simium

Lim

Tazi

Ayala

2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Plasmodium vivax causes the most geographically widespread human malaria, accounting annually for 70 -80 million clinical cases throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world's continents. We have analyzed the DNA sequences of the Csp (circumsporozoite protein) gene in 24 geographically representative strains of P. vivax and 2 of P. simium, which parasitizes several species of New World monkeys. The Csp sequences are of two types, VK210 and VK247, which differ by three diagnostic amino acid replacements, one in each of the 5 and 3 terminal regions [5 nonrepeat (NR) and 3 NR] of the gene and in an insertion sequence that precedes the 3 NR region. The central region of the gene consists of Ϸ38 repetitive ''motifs,'' which are alternatively four and five amino acids long, which also are diagnostically different between the VK210 and VK247 types. There are very few synonymous substitutions within and between the two types of strains, which we hypothesize reflects that the worldwide spread of P. vivax is very recent. The two P. simium Csp sequences belong one to each of the two VK types and are genetically indistinguishable from the corresponding P. vivax strains, suggesting that at least two host transfers have occurred between humans and New World monkeys. We exclude as unlikely the possibility that the two types of sequences could have independently arisen in humans and platyrrhines by natural selection. There are reasons favoring each of the two possible directions of host transfer between humans and monkeys.circumsporozoite protein ͉ clonal theory ͉ Plasmodium population structure ͉ host-parasite interactions ͉ malaria M alaria's human toll is appalling: 300-500 million clinical cases and 1-3 million deaths per year. Plasmodium falciparum accounts for 80% of human malaria's morbidity and mortality, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. Most geographically widespread and prevalent in some regions is Plasmodium vivax, which accounts annually for 70-80 million clinical cases across much of the tropics and subtropics of the world.The evolutionary origin of P. vivax has been placed by some authors in Southeast Asia (1-3). However, the high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa of Duffy negativity (absence of the Duffy blood group antigen) that protects against P. vivax infection has been interpreted as evidence of the African origin of P. vivax (4-6). Most recently, phylogenetic and biogeographical evidence has been advanced supporting a Southeast Asia origin (7-9).Recent investigations have shown a scarcity of selectively neutral genetic polymorphisms in P. vivax (8,10,11), which is consistent with a recent world expansion of P. vivax as a human parasite. The discovery that the platyrrhine parasite P. simium is genetically indistinguishable from P. vivax (2,7,8) manifests that a host transfer between humans and New World monkeys has happened in very recent evolutionary times.The circumsporozoite protein (CSP) has been extensively studied in P. falciparum and other Plasmodium species because of its immune significan...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasmodium vivax : Recent world expansion and genetic identity to Plasmodium simium

Lim

Tazi

Ayala

2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The study also confirmed the existence of both VK247 and VK210 CS repeat types in Colombia with a strong predominance of the VK247 type (92.6%), as described previously. 11 It is hard to explain the predominance of the VK247 allelic type in Colombia, because in the same regions anti-CS VK210 antibodies are more frequent (68-75%) than those to VK247 (11-20%). We had previously speculated that the VK210 allelic type is more immunogenic than VK247 and that therefore the latter type would be inmunologically selected, however, we do not have formal evidence of this mechanism and studies conducted on P. falciparum CS polymorphism do not appear to confirm this immune selection hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 It has been shown that the prevalent phenotype of the P. vivax parasite in the study sites of Colombia is VK247 (59.7%), whereas VK210 accounts for one-third of the cases 32.8%; the remaining 7.5% corresponds to mixed infection. 11 Although previous nucleotide sequence analyses of the flanking regions (3′NR and 5′NR) of P. vivax CS protein have shown high conservation of these regions, recent studies indicated that isolates from Iran, Philippines, China, Brazil, and Korea contained previously undescribed point mutations and an insertion at the beginning of the 3′NR region. 10,[12][13][14] Most studies have reported only partial sequence data, thus limiting complete evaluation of the extent of genetic polymorphism found in the gene encoding P. vivax CS protein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigenic Diversity of the Plasmodium vivax Circumsporozoite Protein in Parasite Isolates of Western Colombia

Hernández-Martínez¹,

Escalante²,

Arévalo‐Herrera³

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Malaria Vaccine Development Using Synthetic Peptides as a Technical Platform

Corradin¹,

Céspedes²,

Verdini³

et al. 2012

Synthetic Vaccines

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Variants of the Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein (VK210 and VK247) in Colombian isolates

Abstract: Phenotypic diversity has been described in the central repeated region of the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) from Plasmodium vivax. Two sequences VK210 (common) and VK247 (variant)

Cited by 55 publications

References 17 publications

Plasmodium vivax : Recent world expansion and genetic identity to Plasmodium simium

Plasmodium vivax : Recent world expansion and genetic identity to Plasmodium simium

Antigenic Diversity of the Plasmodium vivax Circumsporozoite Protein in Parasite Isolates of Western Colombia

Malaria Vaccine Development Using Synthetic Peptides as a Technical Platform

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