The phylogenetic relationships among species of
Triatoma matogrossensis subcomplex (
T. baratai,
T. guazu,
T. matogrossensis,
T. sordida,
T. vandae, and
T. williami) was addressed by using fragments of cytochrome oxidase I (COI), 16S rDNA (16S), and cytochrome
b (Cytb) through Bayesian and parsimony analyses. We did not recover a monophyletic
T. matogrossensis subcomplex, and their members were found clustered in three strongly supported clades, as follows: i)
T. jurbergi +
T. matogrossensis +
T. vandae +
T. garciabesi +
T. sordida; ii) with
T. guasayana as the sister group of clade (i); and iii)
T. williami +
T. guazu, however not closely related to the clade formed by the previously mentioned species. The other two endemic species from Central-Western Brazil,
T. baratai and
T. costalimai, were not recovered with strong clade support as related to other members of this subcomplex. Results call for a further revision in the classification of the subcomplexes within the genus
Triatoma.