Bloodmeal microfilariae density and the uptake and establishment of Wuchereria bancrofti infections in Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti

Albuquerque, Cleide Maria Ribeiro de; Cavalcanti, V. M. S.; Melo, Maria Alice V.; Vercosa, Paulo; Regis, Lêda; Hurd, Hilary

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761999000500005

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…aegypti and An. gambiae in that order (McGreevy et al ., 1982; Albuquerque et al ., 1999). A further explanation that has been proposed involves differences in the ways in which mosquitoes feed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission dynamics of lymphatic filariasis: density‐dependence in the uptake ofWuchereria bancroftimicrofilariae by vector mosquitoes

Snow¹,

Michael²

2002

Medical Vet Entomology

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Abstract. Gaining a better understanding of parasite infection dynamics in the vector mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) population is central to improving knowledge regarding the transmission, persistence and hence control of lymphatic filariasis. Here, we use data on mosquito feeding experiments collated from the published literature to examine the available evidence regarding the functional form of the first component of this parasite±vector relationship for Wuchereria bancrofti (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) causing Bancroftian filariasis, i.e. the rate of microfilariae (mf) uptake from the blood of infected humans by the feeding mosquito vector. Using a simple logarithmic regression model for describing the observed relationships between the mean numbers of mf ingested per mosquito and parasite load in humans in each study, and a linear mixed-effects metaanalytical framework for synthesizing the observed regressions across studies, we show here for the first time clear evidence for the existence of densitydependence in this process for all the three major filariasis transmitting mosquito vectors. An important finding of this study is that this regulation of mf uptake also varies significantly between the vector genera, being weakest in Culex, comparatively stronger in Aedes and most severe and occurring at significantly lower human mf loads in Anopheles mosquitoes. The analysis of the corresponding mf uptake prevalence data has further highlighted how density-dependence in mf uptake may influence the observed distributions of mf in vector populations. These results show that whereas strong regulation of mf uptake, especially when it leads to saturation in uptake at low human parasite intensities, can lead to static distributions of mf per mosquito with host parasite intensity, a weaker regulation of mf ingestion can give rise to changes in both mean mf loads and in the frequency distribution of parasites/mosquito with increasing human parasite intensity. These findings highlight the importance of considering local vector infection dynamics when attempting to predict the impacts of community-based filariasis control. They also emphasize the value of developing and applying robust meta-analytic methods for estimating functional relationships regarding parasitic infection from population ecological data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission dynamics of lymphatic filariasis: density‐dependence in the uptake ofWuchereria bancroftimicrofilariae by vector mosquitoes

Snow¹,

Michael²

2002

Medical Vet Entomology

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“…14 Mosquitoes have been and continue to be the most deadly creatures on earth. Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae), the southern house mosquito, is a vector of lymphatic filariasis 18 as well as several arboviruses such as West Nile virus and St Louis encephalitis virus 19 and possibly Zika virus. 20 The Aedes group of mosquitoes includes the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse), and the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (L.).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Compositions of Crassocephalum crepidioides Essential Oils and Larvicidal Activities Against Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus

Hùng

Satyal

Đài

et al. 2019

Natural Product Communications

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The leaf, stem, and floral essential oils of Crassocephalum crepidioides growing wild in central Vietnam were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major component in all 3 oils was myrcene (59.3%, 26.1%, and 43.3%, respectively). The 24-hour mosquito larvicidal activities of the oil of the aerial parts (stems and leaves) were determined against wild-caught Aedes albopictus (IC 50 = 14.3 μg/mL), laboratory-reared Aedes aegypti (IC 50 = 4.95 μg/mL), and wild-caught Culex quinquefasciatus (IC 50 = 18.4 μg/mL). The high concentration of myrcene in the essential oil likely accounts for the mosquito larvicidal activity observed.

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“…However, for some mosquito species the relationship between blood meal volume and the number of mf ingested is nonlinear. For example, A. aegypti can exert a 'concentrating' effect, ingesting a greater abundance of mf than predicted based on blood volume and host mf density [39]. Hence, reduced blood intake by smaller mosquitoes may not sufficiently explain the reduced parasite load in our adults from crowded larval environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

What does not kill them makes them stronger: larval environment and infectious dose alter mosquito potential to transmit filarial worms

2014

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For organisms with complex life cycles, larval environments can modify adult phenotypes. For mosquitoes and other vectors, when physiological impacts of stressors acting on larvae carry over into the adult stage they may interact with infectious dose of a vector-borne pathogen, producing a range of phenotypes for vector potential. Investigation of impacts of a common source of stress, larval crowding and intraspecific competition, on adult vector interactions with pathogens may increase our understanding of the dynamics of pathogen transmission by mosquito vectors. Using Aedes aegypti and the nematode parasite Brugia pahangi, we demonstrate dose dependency of fitness effects of B. pahangi infection on the mosquito, as well as interactions between competitive stress among larvae and infectious dose for resulting adults that affect the physiological and functional ability of mosquitoes to act as vectors. Contrary to results from studies on mosquito-arbovirus interactions, our results suggest that adults from crowded larvae may limit infection better than do adults from uncrowded controls, and that mosquitoes from high-quality larval environments are more physiologically and functionally capable vectors of B. pahangi. Our results provide another example of how the larval environment can have profound effects on vector potential of resulting adults.

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Bloodmeal microfilariae density and the uptake and establishment of Wuchereria bancrofti infections in Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti

Abstract: The relationship between ingestion of microfilariae (mf), production of infective larvae (L3)

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

Transmission dynamics of lymphatic filariasis: density‐dependence in the uptake ofWuchereria bancroftimicrofilariae by vector mosquitoes

Transmission dynamics of lymphatic filariasis: density‐dependence in the uptake ofWuchereria bancroftimicrofilariae by vector mosquitoes

Chemical Compositions of Crassocephalum crepidioides Essential Oils and Larvicidal Activities Against Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus

What does not kill them makes them stronger: larval environment and infectious dose alter mosquito potential to transmit filarial worms

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