The tegument of Schistosoma mansoni: genes, antigens and the host-parasite relationship

Xavier, Edeneide Maria; Lucena‐Silva, Norma; Werkhauser, Roberto P.; Franco, Glória Regina; Santos, Ricardo A. A L.; Simpson, Andrew J.G.; Abath, Frederico G. C.

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761998000700011

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…A number of calciumbinding proteins and the cercarial elastase (also known as cercarial protease and acetabular gland protease), identified previously as acetabular gland secretions, were present. Absent from these samples were many of the tegument-bound antigens previously reported: Sm25, Sm23, Sm22, Sm15, Sm13, and Sm8 (29,32). The only example of this type of protein found in lipid-induced secretions was the fatty acidbinding protein Sm14.…”

Section: Table III Proteins Released From Acetabular Glandsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Proteomic Analysis of Schistosoma mansoni Cercarial Secretions

Knudsen

Medzihradszky

Lim

et al. 2005

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

179

173

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Schistosomiasis is a global health problem caused by several species of schistosome blood flukes. The initial stage of infection is invasion of human skin by a multicellular larva, the cercaria. We identified proteins released by cercariae when they are experimentally induced to exhibit invasive behavior. Comparison of the proteome obtained from skin lipid-induced cercariae (the natural activator), a cleaner mechanical induction procedure, and an uninduced proteomic control allowed identification of protein groups contained in cercarial acetabular gland secretion versus other sources. These included a group of proteins involved in calcium binding, calcium regulation, and calcium-activated functions; two proteins (paramyosin and SPO-1) implicated in immune evasion; and protease isoforms implicated in degradation of host skin barriers. Several other protein families, traditionally found as cytosolic proteins, appeared concentrated in secretory cells. These included proteins with chaperone activity such as HSP70, -86, and -60. Comparison of the three experimental proteomes also allowed identification of protein contaminants from the environment that were identified because of the high sensitivity of the MS/MS system used. These included proteins from the intermediate host snail in which cercariae develop, the investigator, and the laboratory environment. Identification of proteins secreted by invasive larvae provides important new information for validation of models of skin invasion and immune evasion and aids in rational development of an anti-schistosome vaccine.

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Section: Table III Proteins Released From Acetabular Glandsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Proteomic Analysis of Schistosoma mansoni Cercarial Secretions

Knudsen

Medzihradszky

Lim

et al. 2005

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

179

173

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“…4 Triton-X114 partition experiments followed by Western-blot analysis using RaMBP-rSm13 (1 Adult-worm tegumental membranes before partition, 2 detergent phase of tegumental membrane separation, 3 soluble phase of tegumental membrane separation, M molecular-weight markers at 66, 45, 36, 29, 24, 20 and 14 kDa) Most of these eorts have been driven by the possibility of expressing recombinant parasite antigens for evaluation within the context of the diagnosis or immunotherapy of schistosomiasis. Nevertheless, as the tegumental structure is unique, consisting of a cytoplasmatic syncitium outlined by two closely apposed membrane units (McLaren and Hockley 1977), the identi®cation of tegumental proteins is also central to the understanding of the function and structure of the parasite surface (Xavier et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The function of Sm13 in the context of the biology of the parasite is not clear. However, since Sm13 is co-expressed with Sm15 and other soluble proteins in the tegument of hepatic worms (Xavier et al 1998), one could speculate that Sm13 could interact with at least some of these proteins, allowing the attachment to the tegumental surface. Sm13 is one of the major tegumental antigens recognized by sera from mice protectively vaccinated with adult-worm tegumental membranes (Smithers et al 1990), suggesting that it may be potentially important for protective immunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Sm13, a tegumental antigen of Schistosoma mansoni

Abath¹,

Xavier²,

Allen³

et al. 2000

Parasitol Res

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Sm13, a 13-kDa Schistosoma mansoni tegumental antigen, is one of the principal polypeptides recognized by antibodies from mice protectively vaccinated with adult-worm tegumental membranes. To obtain the complete gene encoding Sm13 we subcloned and sequenced a cDNA and a fragment of a genomic clone. The collated sequence contains 1,088 nucleotides and represents the full-length open reading frame of the gene, encoding a protein of 104 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 11,923 Da, compatible with the native protein identified in the tegumental membranes. The sequence derived from genomic DNA contains a 45-nucleotide intron. The analysis of the predicted protein suggests the presence of both N- and C-terminal hydrophobic membrane-spanning segments, and the coding region contains no homology in the currently available data bases. Additionally, the coding region is preceded by putative CCAAT and TATA boxes that may be involved in the control of expression. Western-blot analysis and indirect immunofluorescence resulted in the identification of a 13-kDa protein (Sm13) in the tegument of adult worms. The present study reveals that Sm13 behaves as an integral membrane protein upon partitioning in Triton X-1 14 and that it is present in worms of 3 weeks or older but not in schistosomula or miracidia. Moreover, it is also specifically recognized by sera from some schistosomiasis patients in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western-blot analysis, suggesting that it is immunogenic in human schistosomiasis.

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“…A few defined soluble antigens were reported to show high sensitivity and specificity in such areas (15,25). Other studies provided evidence for the relevant antigenicity of some S. mansoni membrane components (22,27). Adult S. mansoni membrane-bound enzymes, like alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, type I phosphodiesterase, and Ca 2ϩ -ATPase, present in n-butanol extracts (BE) (8,18,19), were shown to be antigenic when tested in enzyme immunoassays (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Schistosoma mansoni Membrane Antigens by Immunoblot Analysis of Sera of Patients from Low-Transmission Areas

Cesari

Ballén

Mendoza

et al. 2005

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Schistosoma mansoni surface membrane components play a relevant role in the host-parasite interaction, and some are released in vivo as circulating antigens. n-Butanol extraction favors the release of membrane antigens like alkaline phosphatase, which has been shown to be specifically recognized by antibodies from S. mansoniinfected humans and animals. In the present study, components in the n-butanol extract (BE) of the adult S. mansoni worm membrane fraction were separated by one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1D SDS-PAGE [15%]) and further analyzed by immunoblotting (immunoglobulin G) using defined sera. S. mansoni-infected patient sera, but not sera of uninfected patients or sera obtained from patients infected with other parasite species, specifically and variably recognized up to 20 polypeptides in the molecular mass range of ϳ8 to >80 kDa. There were some differences in the number, intensity, and frequency of recognition of the BE antigens among sera from Venezuelan sites of endemicity with a different status of schistosomiasis transmission. Antigens in the 28-to 24-kDa molecular mass range appeared as immunodominants and were recognized by S. mansoni-positive sera from all the sites, with recognition frequencies varying between 57.5 and 97.5%. Immunoblotting with BE membrane antigens resulted in a highly sensitive (98.1%), specific (96.1.0%), and confirmatory test for the immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis in low-transmission areas.

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The tegument of Schistosoma mansoni: genes, antigens and the host-parasite relationship

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Proteomic Analysis of Schistosoma mansoni Cercarial Secretions

Proteomic Analysis of Schistosoma mansoni Cercarial Secretions

Characterization of Sm13, a tegumental antigen of Schistosoma mansoni

Detection of Schistosoma mansoni Membrane Antigens by Immunoblot Analysis of Sera of Patients from Low-Transmission Areas

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