Species and Strain-specific Typing of Cryptosporidium Parasites in Clinical and Environmental Samples

Xiao, Lihua; Sulaiman, Irshad M.; Fayer, Ronald; Lal, Altaf A.

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761998000500022

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…and Giardia sp. (Deng et al 2000, Appelbee et al 2010, considered as opportunistic zoonotic agents (Xiao et al 1998, Fayer et al 2004, have been reported in several species of cetaceans on the European Atlantic coast and in Brazil (Altieri et al 2007, sirenians in Australia andBrazil (Hill et al 1997, Borges et al 2011), and pinnipeds in the northern California (USA) coastal region (Deng et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia sp. in aquatic mammals in northern and northeastern Brazil

Borges¹,

Lima²,

Silva³

et al. 2017

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Cryptosporidium and Giardia are protozoans that can infect humans and wild and domestic animals. Due to the growing importance of diseases caused by protozoan parasites in aquatic species, we aimed to evaluate the frequency of infection by Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia sp. in aquatic and marine mammals in the northern and northeastern regions of Brazil. We collected 553 fecal samples from 15 species of wild-ranging and captive aquatic mammals in northern and northeastern Brazil. All samples were analyzed by the Kinyoun technique for identification of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts. Giardia sp. cysts were identified by means of the centrifugal-flotation technique in zinc sulfate solution. Subsequently, all samples were submitted for direct immunofluorescence testing. The overall frequency of infection was 15.55% (86/553) for Cryptosporidium spp. and 9.04% (50/553) for Giardia sp. The presence of Cryptosporidium spp. was detected in samples from 5 species: neotropical river otter Lontra longicaudis (15.28%), giant otter Pteronura brasiliensis (41.66%), Guiana dolphin Sotalia guianensis (9.67%), Amazonian manatee Trichechus inunguis (16.03%), and Antillean manatee T. manatus (13.79%). Giardia sp. was identified in L. longicaudis (9.23%), P. brasiliensis (29.16%), pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps (100%), dwarf sperm whale K. sima (25%), S. guianensis (9.67%), T. inunguis (3.81%), and T. manatus (10.34%). This is the first report of Cryptosporidium spp. in L. longicaudis, P. brasiliensis, and S. guianensis, while the occurrence of Giardia sp., in addition to the 2 otter species, was also identified in manatees, thus extending the number of hosts susceptible to these parasitic agents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia sp. in aquatic mammals in northern and northeastern Brazil

Borges¹,

Lima²,

Silva³

et al. 2017

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…22–24 The systematic use of DNA-based methods, in conjunction with biological and epidemiologic studies, have led to a major revision of the genus Cryptosporidium . 25–28 …”

Section: Cryptosporidium Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections by Intestinal Coccidia and Giardia duodenalis

Cama

Mathison

2015

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine

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“…As espécies de Cryptosporidium são parasitas entéricos e desenvolvem-se no epitélio da mucosa intestinal ou gástrica de diversos vertebrados, diferindo morfologicamente de todos os outros gêneros da subordem Eimeriina, pois são esféricos ou ovóides, medindo de 3 a 8 µm de diâmetro e possuem internamente quatro esporozoítos (Xiao et al 1998).…”

Section: Agente Etiológicounclassified

“…Entre as infecções ocasionadas por protozoários, a criptosporidiose vem sendo considerada como uma doença emergente, oportunista (Xiao et al 1998) e de distribuição cosmopolita (Current 1983), além de apresentar um caráter zoonótico .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Criptosporidiose: uma revisão sobre a sua implicação na conservação dos mamíferos aquáticos

2007

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Cryptosporidiosis is an emerging parasitic disease that has been related in several mammal species, including the aquatic ones. This review covers the epidemiology infection by Cryptosporidium spp. in aquatic mammals. The age of the animal, infecting dose and immunological state can influence on the clinical presentation, and when associated with other pathogen, can lead the animal to death. The water supply contamination is water supply is one of the major ways of the pathogen dissemination, which was being identified by different techniques of laboratorial analysis. The adequacy of sanitation structures, the use of appropriate method to inactivate the oocysts and the assurance of personal hygiene norms are some of the recommended way to minimize the dissemination of Cryptosporidium among aquatic mammals.Keywords: aquatic animals, epidemiology, zoonosis, Cryptosporidium. A criptosporidiose é uma doença parasitária emergente que vem sendo relatada em diversas espécies de mamíferos, incluindo os aquáticos. Esta revisão trata da epidemiologia da infecção por Cryptosporidium spp. em mamíferos aquáticos. A idade dos animais, dose infectante e o estado imunológico podem influenciar na apresentação clínica, e quando associados a outros patógenos pode levar o animal a óbito. A contaminação dos recursos hídricos constitui um dos principais meios de disseminação do parasito, que foi identificado por diferentes técnicas de análise. A adequação das estruturas de saneamento, utilização de métodos apropriados para a inativação dos oocistos e garantia das normas de higiene pessoal constituem algumas das maneiras recomendadas para minimizar a disseminação do Cryptosporidium entre os mamíferos aquáticos.Palavras-chave: animais aquáticos, epidemiologia, zoonose, Cryptosporidium.

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Species and Strain-specific Typing of Cryptosporidium Parasites in Clinical and Environmental Samples

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia sp. in aquatic mammals in northern and northeastern Brazil

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia sp. in aquatic mammals in northern and northeastern Brazil

Infections by Intestinal Coccidia and Giardia duodenalis

Criptosporidiose: uma revisão sobre a sua implicação na conservação dos mamíferos aquáticos

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