Bovine Trypanosomiasis in Bolivian and Brazilian Lowlands

Silva, Roberto Aguilar Machado Santos; Egüez, Angel; Morales, Gustavo; Eulert, Erick; Montenegro, Aurelio; Ybañez, Ramón; Seidl, Andrew; Dávila, Alberto M. R.; Ramirez, L.

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761998000100006

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…In the subgenus Duttonella , T. vivax is mechanically transmitted by tabanids and stomoxes, in both Africa [7, 8] and Latin America [9–11], with an increasing impact in cattle breeding. Trypanosoma vivax has not invaded Europe and Asia, so far, but its potential for geographical distribution is somewhat similar to that of T. evansi (in links with cosmopolitan mechanical vectors), though limited by a narrower host range compared to T. evansi .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypanosoma evansiand Surra: A Review and Perspectives on Origin, History, Distribution, Taxonomy, Morphology, Hosts, and Pathogenic Effects

Desquesnes

Holzmüller

Lai

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

316

313

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Trypanosoma evansi, the agent of “surra,” is a salivarian trypanosome, originating from Africa. It is thought to derive from Trypanosoma brucei by deletion of the maxicircle kinetoplastic DNA (genetic material required for cyclical development in tsetse flies). It is mostly mechanically transmitted by tabanids and stomoxes, initially to camels, in sub-Saharan area. The disease spread from North Africa towards the Middle East, Turkey, India, up to 53° North in Russia, across all South-East Asia, down to Indonesia and the Philippines, and it was also introduced by the conquistadores into Latin America. It can affect a very large range of domestic and wild hosts including camelids, equines, cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, dogs and other carnivores, deer, gazelles, and elephants. It found a new large range of wild and domestic hosts in Latin America, including reservoirs (capybaras) and biological vectors (vampire bats). Surra is a major disease in camels, equines, and dogs, in which it can often be fatal in the absence of treatment, and exhibits nonspecific clinical signs (anaemia, loss of weight, abortion, and death), which are variable from one host and one place to another; however, its immunosuppressive effects interfering with intercurrent diseases or vaccination campaigns might be its most significant and questionable aspect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypanosoma evansiand Surra: A Review and Perspectives on Origin, History, Distribution, Taxonomy, Morphology, Hosts, and Pathogenic Effects

Desquesnes

Holzmüller

Lai

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

316

313

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“…For T. vivax , also other target sequences have been used such as satellite and microsatellite sequences, spliced-leader sequences and cathepsin L-like genes [6], [11]–[13]. In some studies it was shown that the DNA sequences initially used as T. vivax specific target for hybridisation or for PCR primers, were only specific for the West African form of T. vivax that also occurs in South America [2], [6], [14], [15] [16]. However, in East Africa, other T. vivax genotypes circulate [17]–[20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proline Racemase Based PCR for Identification of Trypanosoma vivax in Cattle Blood

et al. 2014

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A study was conducted to develop a Trypanosoma vivax (T. vivax) specific PCR based on the T. vivax proline racemase (TvPRAC) gene. Forward and reverse primers were designed that bind at 764–783 bp and 983–1002 bp of the gene. To assess its specificity, TvPRAC PCR was conducted on DNA extracted from different haemotropic pathogens: T. vivax from Nigeria, Ethiopia and Venezuela, T. congolense Savannah type, T. brucei brucei, T. evansi, T. equiperdum, T. theileri, Theileria parva, Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina and from bovine, goat, mouse, camel and human blood. The analytical sensitivity of the TvPRAC PCR was compared with that of the ITS-1 PCR and the 18S PCR-RFLP on a dilution series of T. vivax DNA in water. The diagnostic performance of the three PCRs was compared on 411 Ethiopian bovine blood specimens collected in a former study. TvPRAC PCR proved to be fully specific for T. vivax, irrespective of its geographical origin. Its analytical sensitivity was lower than that of ITS-1 PCR. On these bovine specimens, TvPRAC PCR detected 8.3% T. vivax infections while ITS-1 PCR and 18S PCR-RFLP detected respectively 22.6 and 6.1% T. vivax infections. The study demonstrates that a proline racemase based PCR could be used, preferably in combination with ITS-1 PCR, as a species-specific diagnostic test for T. vivax infections worldwide.

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“…Esta região possui uma área de 140.000 km 2 (Catto 1993) e aproximadamente 3.996.000 cabeças de gado bovino (Silva et al 1998), correspondendo a 17,96% do efetivo do estado, que é de 22.244.427 cabeças (Min. Agricultura 1998).…”

Section: Maunclassified

Desenvolvimento de uma prova de imunoadsorção enzimática para detecção de anticorpos contra Babesia bovis

Madruga

Araújo²,

Marques

et al. 2000

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibodies to Babesia bovis was developed and evaluated in comparison with the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The ELISA sensitivity and specificity, estimated with 100 positive sera from cattle experimentally infected with B. bovis and 108 negative sera collected from B. bovis-free herds, were 98.0% and 98.1%, respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were, respectively, 98.0% and 98.1%, and precision was 98.1%. No cross-reactions were detected with 80 sera from calves experimentally inoculated with Babesia bigemina. The ELISA was compared with IFAT using 110 cattle sera from an enzootically stable area and with 168 cattle sera from an enzootically unstable area. In both cases, there was a significant agreement between results of both tests (P=0.631 and 0.4725, respectively). In an epidemiological study performed with ELISA in the Pantanal region of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul with 1,365 cattle sera, 83.9% were positive for antibodies against B. bovis, characterizing this region as enzootically stable.INDEX TERMS: Babesia bovis, ELISA, indirect fluorescent antibody test, cattle, epidemiological survey, Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

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Bovine Trypanosomiasis in Bolivian and Brazilian Lowlands

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Trypanosoma evansiand Surra: A Review and Perspectives on Origin, History, Distribution, Taxonomy, Morphology, Hosts, and Pathogenic Effects

Trypanosoma evansiand Surra: A Review and Perspectives on Origin, History, Distribution, Taxonomy, Morphology, Hosts, and Pathogenic Effects

A Proline Racemase Based PCR for Identification of Trypanosoma vivax in Cattle Blood

Desenvolvimento de uma prova de imunoadsorção enzimática para detecção de anticorpos contra Babesia bovis

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