Nematode Parasites of Brazilian Corvid Birds (Passeriformes): A General Survey with a Description of Viktorocara brasiliensis n. sp. (Acuariidae, Schistorophinae)

Pinto, Roberto Magalhães; Vicente, Joaquim Júlio; Noronha, Dely

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761997000200013

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Pinto et al (1997) reported the presence of D. bargusinica for the first time in Cyanocorax cyanomelas (Vieillot, 1818) (Corvidae) in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, from samples collected between 1921 and 1925 in scientific expeditions conducted in Brazil, without informing the number of birds examined or their indexes. Gonçalves et al (2002) found D. bargusinica in the body cavity of three individuals of Psarocolius bifasciatus (Spix, 1824) (Icteridae) in the state of Amazonas and Carvalho et al (2007) in air sacs of Paroaria dominicana (Linnaeus, 1758) (Emberizidae) (n = 34), P = 8.8%, MA = 0.32 and MI = 3.66, in the state of Bahia.…”

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Helminths of Molothrus bonariensis (Gmelin, 1789) (Passeriformes: Icteridae) from southernmost Brazil

Bernardon

Soares

Vieira

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Information about helminths of Molothrus bonariensis (Gmelin, 1789) (Passeriformes: Icteridae) are scarce; in this sense the objective of this paper was to contribute to its knowledge. Five hosts of southern Brazil were examined and the helminths Prosthogonimus ovatus, Tanaisia valida (Digenea), Diplotriaena bargusinica and Synhimantus (Dispharynx) nasuta ( Keywords: Shiny cowbird, Trematoda, Nematoda, parasites. ResumoInformações sobre helmintos de Molothrus bonariensis (Gmelin, 1789) (Passeriformes: Icteridae) são escassas, nesse sentido, o objetivo do trabalho foi contribuir para esse conhecimento. Foram examinados cinco hospedeiros do extremo sul do Brasil, identificou-se os helmintos Prosthogonimus ovatus, Tanaisia valida (Digenea), Diplotriaena bargusinica e Synhimantus (Dispharynx) nasuta (Nematoda). As espécies T. valida, P. ovatus e S. (D.) nasuta são pela primeira vez registradas para a ave no Brasil. Prosthogonimus ovatus, T. valida, D. bargusinica e S. (D.) nasuta são pela primeira vez registradas em M. bonariensis no estado do Rio Grande do Sul.Palavras-chave: Vira-bosta, Trematoda, Nematoda, parasitos. Parasites are among the most common organisms in the world (HOBERG & KUTZ, 2013). They are extremely diversified and play a key role in ecological and evolutionary processes (GOMÉZ & NICHOLS, 2013). Parasitism is one of the most successful ways of living presented by living organisms (POULIN & MORAND, 2000).Birds are commonly parasitized by trematodes, nematodes, cestodes and acanthocephalans, as well as other groups . Taking into account the fact that Brazil presents one of the richest avifaunas in the world, much remains to be explored regarding this subject.Molothrus bonariensis (Gmelin, 1789) (Passeriformes: Icteridae), known as the shiny cowbird, occurs in South America, islands of Central America, United States and Canada (The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2015). In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, they inhabit the entire state, where enormous flocks often gather in cereal crops, especially rice, during and after harvesting (BELTON, 1994). The male is black-feathered with bluish reflexes, and the female is brown. They feed on seeds and insects, and occasionally on fruits, and often can be seen near to cattle, turning over excrement to look for undigested seeds (EFE et al., 2001).Information regarding the shiny cowbird is mainly focused on the fact that this species lays its eggs in other birds' nests. In Brazil, approximately 60 species belonging to nine families of Passeriformes are affected by the action of the shiny cowbird. This species is entirely dependent on other bird species for its reproduction, because it has not only lost the ability to build its own nests but also the instinct of taking care of its offspring (BLANCO, 1995;SICK, 1997; EFE et al., 2001;MERMOZ & REBOREDA, 2003;ASTIÉ & REBOREDA, 2006).Regarding helminths in M. bonariensis in Brazil, there have been isolated reports of Lyperosomum oswaldoi (Travassos, 1919) (Trematoda: Dicrocoeliidae) (TRAVASSOS ...

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confidence: 99%

Helminths of Molothrus bonariensis (Gmelin, 1789) (Passeriformes: Icteridae) from southernmost Brazil

Bernardon

Soares

Vieira

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…-A. cordonspinosa Baruš & Garrido, 1968 from Vireo griseus noveboracensis (Gmelin) (Vireonidae) in Cuba (Baruš & Garrido, 1968); -A. cyanocitta (Boyd, 1956) Skryabin, Sobolev & Ivashkin, 1965 from Cyanocitta cristata in the USA (Boyd, 1956); Williams, 1929 from Sturnella neglecta Audubon (Icteridae) in the USA (Williams, 1929); -A. mamillaris (Molin, 1860) Railliet, Henry & Sisoff, 1912 from Cyanocorax cayanus (L.) (Corvidae) in Brazil (Molin, 1860); -A. mayori Lent, Freitas & Proença, 1945 from Cyanocorax chrysops (Vieillot) from Paraguay (type-host and locality) (Lent et al, 1945). There are several further records of this species: from C. cyanomelas (Vieillot) (Corvidae) in Brazil (Pinto et al, 1997); from Sporophila caerulescens caerulescens (Vieillot) (Thraupidae) in Brazil (Pinto et al, 1991); from Sicalis flaveola (L.) (Thraupidae) in Brazil (Rodrigues et al, 2005); and from Myiarchus nuttingi (Ridgway) (Tyrannidae) in Costa Rica (Zhang et al, 2003). The latter three records are accompanied by descriptions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acuaria paraguayensis n. sp. from Sirystes sibilator (Aves: Tyrannidae) in Paraguay and a redescription of A. mamillaris (Molin, 1860) from Cyanocorax cayanus (Corvidae) in Brazil, with a key to the species of Acuaria Bremser, 1811 (Nematoda: Acuariidae) in the New World

2011

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Acuaria paraguayensis n. sp. is described on the basis of specimens from Sirystes sibilator (Vieillot) (Aves: Passeriformes, Tyrannidae) in Paraguay. In addition, A. mamillaris (Molin, 1860) from Cyanocorax cayanus (L.) (Corvidae) in Brazil is redescribed on the basis of its type-series from the collection of the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna. A review of the species of Acuaria Bremser, 1811 in the New World is presented. Currently, 16 species belong to this genus, which are mostly parasitic in passeriform birds (one record in piciform birds). An identification key to the species of Acuaria occurring in the New World is presented. Acuaria multispinosa (Vigueras, 1938) originally described from Botaurus lentiginosus (Rackett) (Ardeidae) in Cuba, also known from various herons (Ciconiiformes, Ardeidae) in southern states of the USA, does not correspond to the generic diagnosis of Acuaria and is considered a species incertae sedis. Acuaria gracilis var. sturni Boyd, 1951 is elevated to full species rank as Acuaria sturni Boyd, 1951.

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“…Aprocta spp. have been reported in a variety of avian taxa from many continents including reports in psittacine, piciform, cuculiform, and galliform birds from South America (Freitas and Machado de Mendonc ¸a 1952; Machado de Mendonc ¸a 1961; de Oliveira Rodrigues and Sodre Rodrigues 1980; Pinto et al 1997;Oniki et al 2002;Tantalea ´n and Chavez 2004); in multiple passerine species in Africa (Quentin et al 1976) and Asia (Makarenko 1959); and passerine birds including multiple corvid species in Europe (Skrjabin 1934;Manfredi et al 1992;Beckmann et al 2014). Aprocta nematodes also have been reported in several owl species in China, including Scops owls (Otus scops and Otus sunia), Little Owls (Athene noctua), and Eurasian Eagle Owls (Bubo bubo; Zhang et al 2008Zhang et al , 2012.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent Prevalence, Diversity, and Associated Lesions of Periorbital Nematodes in a Population of Barred Owls (Strix Varia) From Northern California, Usa

Niedringhaus

Dumbacher

Dunker

et al. 2023

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Over the last four decades, Barred Owls (Strix varia) have expanded their range to include much of western North America, including California. This expansion is suspected to have contributed to declining populations of a closely related species, the federally threatened Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). As a result, understanding potential health threats to Barred Owls has implications for Spotted Owl health and recovery. From 2016 to 2020, 69 Barred Owls were collected to determine the apparent prevalence of periorbital nematode infection, to identify the parasite species present, and to investigate the potential pathologic effects on their hosts. The nematodes were morphologically identified as Oxyspirura and Aprocta spp. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses, they were clearly divergent from published sequences of other species within these genera. Overall, 34 (49%) Barred Owls were infected with periorbital nematodes, with Oxyspirura sp. infections being much more common (94%) than Aprocta sp. (18%). Histopathology revealed varying severity of conjunctivitis in infected owls. Despite the frequency of infection and subsequent inflammation, parasite burden was not associated with reduced body weight in these owls. As a result, the potential health effect of these nematodes is unclear. Further taxonomic characterization is needed to determine potential novelty of these nematodes.

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Nematode Parasites of Brazilian Corvid Birds (Passeriformes): A General Survey with a Description of Viktorocara brasiliensis n. sp. (Acuariidae, Schistorophinae)

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Helminths of Molothrus bonariensis (Gmelin, 1789) (Passeriformes: Icteridae) from southernmost Brazil

Helminths of Molothrus bonariensis (Gmelin, 1789) (Passeriformes: Icteridae) from southernmost Brazil

Acuaria paraguayensis n. sp. from Sirystes sibilator (Aves: Tyrannidae) in Paraguay and a redescription of A. mamillaris (Molin, 1860) from Cyanocorax cayanus (Corvidae) in Brazil, with a key to the species of Acuaria Bremser, 1811 (Nematoda: Acuariidae) in the New World

Apparent Prevalence, Diversity, and Associated Lesions of Periorbital Nematodes in a Population of Barred Owls (Strix Varia) From Northern California, Usa

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