In this survey 1,500 samples of nematodes, representing 151 species, distributed in 20 superfamilies, parasitizing Brazilian mammals (Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Chiroptera. Edentata, Lagomorpha, Marsupialia, Perissodactyla, Primates, Rodentia) and deposited between 1916-1963 in the CHIOC were studied. New host records were established for 52 Parasite species distributed in 15 superfamilies, adding new data to previous reports of mammalian nematodes in Brazil

The spectrum of intestinal parasites present in the Swiss Webster, C57B1/6 and DBA/2 mice strains from different animal houses was identified and prevalences compared. Three parasites were observed during the course of this study, namely the cestode Vampirolepis nana (Siebold, 1852) Spasskii, 1954 (= Hymenolepis nana) and the nematodes Aspiculuris tetraptera (Nitzsch, 1821) Schultz, 1924 and Syphacia obvelata (Rudolphi, 1802) Seurat, 1916. The scope of this investigation has been widened to also include morphometric data on the parasites, to further simplify their identification, since the presence of helminths in laboratory animals is regarded as a restricting factor for the proper attainment of experimental protocols.

Ornamental fishes are of increasing economic importance worldwide taking into account the continuous trade involving several species that are either exported or imported from a couple of countries, mostly from Asia (Evans & Lester 2001, Kim et al. 2005. The importation generally involves the introduction of exotic parasites that can affect a large number of hosts and the detection of parasitism is an important step to avoid the spreading of fish diseases among the native fauna. This paper deals with the first data on the pathology induced by the exotic nematode Camallanus cotti Fujita, 1927 in two species of ornamental fishes kept in an aquarium in Niterói, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; C. cotti is briefly redescribed and figured. MATERIALS AND METHODSFive adult guppies [Poecilia reticulata (Peters, 1859)] three males and two females and two adult females of the beta fish [Betta splendens (Regan, 1910)] were investigated for helminths. The fishes were kept in a home aquarium, for two months and had been purchased in a pet shop located in Niterói, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The guppies formerly derived from a fish farmer maintained in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Fishes were necropsied in accordance with ethical procedures and dissected organs kept in Petri dishes with a 0.85% NaCl solution for the recovery of worms under a stereoscope microscope. Nematodes were fixed with steaming AFA (70º GL ethanol, 93%; formaldehyde, 5%; glacial acetic acid, 2%) and stored as wet material in the same solution; some were further dehydrated in an ethanol series, clarified in glacial acetic acid, phenol and preserved as whole mounts in beechwood creosote and Canada balsam. A couple of parasites were stained with alcoholic chloride Langeron's carmine. Samples are deposited in the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (CHIOC). Portions of the parasitized intestines were removed and immediately fixed in 10% formalin, to be further routinely processed for paraffin embedding. Five micrometers thick sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE)."En face" jelly mounts of the nematodes were obtained in accordance with the method of Anderson (1958) and photomicrographs in a Zeiss Axiophot bright-field microscope with a Differential Interference Contrast (DIC) apparatus and in a Leica stereomicroscope (live parasites). Identification of the nematodes was based on data after Moravec and Nagasawa (1989). Measurements are in millimeters (mm) and means in parentheses. RESULTSThree of the five guppies and the two beta fishes examined were positive for nematodes.On what concerns clinical signs, fishes were apathetic and, in the male guppies, a reduction of the libido was observed. Two guppy and two beta fish females presented abdominal swelling with reddish parasites protruding from the anus (Fig. 1); beta fish females also showed anorexia. Microscopic lesions were similar in both fish species and consisted of hemorrhage, congestion, edema, a few glandular elements, and extensive erosion areas in the rect...

Vinte espécies do gênero Diplotriaena Henry & Ozoux, 1909 que ocorrem no Brasil, foram estudadas. A taxonomia desse grupo de nematódeos parasitos de aves é baseada na forma e tamanho dos tridentes e espículos. Para todas as espécies forma registradas suas dimensões, hospedeiros e distribuição regional, através de tabelas comparativas. Comentários a respeito de algumas espécies foram feitos, de modo a fornecer dados adicionais. É também apersentada uma chave para a determinação das espécies.
Twenty species of Diplotriaena Henry & Ozoux, 1909 that occur in Brazil were studied. The tasonomy of this group of nematode recovered from birds is based mainly on the shape and size of tridents and spicules. For all the species were resistered their dimentions, hosts and regional distribution, condensed in comparative tables. Comments on some of the species were made in order to provide complementary data. A key to Brazilian Diplotriaena is also given

Syphacia muris worm burdens were evaluated in the rat

In the present paper, some species of nematodes from Brazilian parrots are studied: Aproctapyrrhurae. Ascaridia hermaphrodita, A. sergiomeirai, Pelecitus circularis and P. helicinus. Single female specimens of Pelecitus sp. and Thelazia sp. are presented. The male of P. circularis is fully illustrated, for the first time, since 1884. Ascaridia sergiomeirai is also restudied 59 years after proposition. New host records are estabilished. Remarks on other species of nematodes occuring in psittacid birds are included

Data on the host and dimentions of hooks and eggs of N. curemai Noronha, 1973, are retified.
Dados sobre o hospedeiro de N. curemai Noronha, 1973, bem como medidas referentes ás dimensões de ganchos e ovos, são retificados

Worm burdens recovered from inbred mice strains, namely C57Bl/6, C57Bl/10, CBA, BALB/c, DBA/ 2 and C3H/He, conventionally This approach intends to add new data on the helminth parasites of laboratory mice, since these investigations have arised a great interest and also, taking into account that these hosts as experimental animal models, are widely utilized in the evaluation of several biological parameters. Previously, besides the considered Swiss Webster mice, only two inbred strains (C57Bl/6, DBA/2) were investigated for the presence of helminths in Brazil (Pinto et al. 1994).Thus, the present findings ratify those reported for these strains, as well as complement the evaluation of worm burden in the other commonly referred inbred mice.The modification of the anal swab technique proposed herein aims to avoid unnecessary necropsies to investigate the spectrum of intestinal parasites in a rodent colony, since oxyurid eggs are of difficult detection during conventional stool examination procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODSTwo hundred and fifty Mus musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) inbred mice from two animal houses in the State of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, were divided in two groups (A, B) according to their source. The suppliers were not identified by name due to ethical reasons. In group A, were included mice of the strains C57Bl/6, C57Bl/10, CBA, BALB/c, DBA/2 and C3H/He, with 25 animals each. The group B was represented by the strains C57Bl/6, CBA, BALB/c and C3H/He, with 25 mice each. Mice were male, 30 days old, weighting 20g each.Mice were sacrificed, helminths were recovered and processed for study as described elsewhere (Pinto et al. 1994).As for the swab anal procedures, the technique of Hall (1937) was modified and the device consists of a plastic rod (Fig. 1), with appropriate dimensions, for the examination of mice weighting at least 18g. One hundred and twelve mice were tested by this method. Animals are maintained in the proper position (Hofman's position), in order to avoid stress to the animals during the procedure. The rod is moistened in a 0.85% NaCl solution (Fig. 2) and after, introduced into the anus of the mouse, with carefully induced rotatory movements (Fig. 3), to avoid bleeding. The collected feces sample is transferred to a drop (20 µl) of saline physiological solution (0.85% NaCl) on a slide with a coverslip and examined under light microscope.