Thevetia peruviana (Family: Apocynaceae) in the control of slug and snail pests

Abstract

An aqueous extract prepared from Kernels of the fruit of Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) Schumann (Family : Apocynaceae) was found under experimental conditions, to be toxic ti the slug Laevicaulis alte (Férussac) and the snail Achatina fulica Bowdich, the important agrihorticultural pests of Indo-Pacific countries. Concentrations as low as 1% (w/v) killed all the slugs exposed in less than 981.00 (± SD 22.76) min, and 2% of the extract killed 100% of the slugs L. alte and 50%, 50% and 30% of the snail A. fulica in between 92.34 (± SD 6.63) - 321.33 (± SD 4.14) and 271.20 (± SD 17.54) - 298.26 (± SD 16.69) min respectively. The most effective concentration of the extract was 20%; it killed 100% of exposed slugs and snails within a short time (40-50 and 90-1440 min respectively) when the extract was exposed on the soil in experimental trays or when it was applied to potato slices offered as food to the gastropods

Toxic effect of clove oil on the survival and histology of various tissues of pestiferous land snail Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822)

“…However nowadays more specific compounds are increasingly being used, in controlling these molluscs replacing toxic chemicals with natural agents that would be less harmful to the environment ( Panigrahi & Raut, 1994). Lot of natural compounds have been explored and found to be effective in snails like Lymnaea acuminata (Chauhan et al, 2011) , Subulina octona (Silva et al, 2012), Indoplanorbis exustus ( Pandey & Singh, 2009), Eobania vermiculata, Monacha cartusiana (Aal & Hamed, 2010) etc..…”

“…Lot of natural compounds have been explored and found to be effective in snails like Lymnaea acuminata (Chauhan et al, 2011) , Subulina octona (Silva et al, 2012), Indoplanorbis exustus ( Pandey & Singh, 2009), Eobania vermiculata, Monacha cartusiana (Aal & Hamed, 2010) etc.. However only few natural compounds have been tested against A. fulica (Panigrahi & Raut, 1994;Justin et al, 2008;Rao & Singh, 2002) .…”

Avaliação da atividade moluscicida do látex de três espécies de Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) sobre Leptinaria unilamellata d'Orbigny, 1835 (Gastropoda - Subulinidae)

“…As reações observadas em L. unilamellata como resposta à aplicação do látex diluído de E. milii também aparecem em moluscos terrestres tratados com diferentes concentrações do extrato de semente de Thevetia peruviana (Panigrahi & Raut, 1994) e frente a moluscicidas sintéticos (Paulini, 1959). Portanto tais reações podem ser típicas desses animais quando expostos à substâncias tóxicas.…”

“…Nenhuma dessas substâncias sintéticas é livre de efeitos indesejáveis como: toxidez a espécies simpátricas, outros invertebrados e vertebrados, além de efeito residual no ambiente e toxidez aos humanos (Maleck & Cheng, 1974;Panigrahi & Raut, 1993;Sturrock, 1995;Sarquis et al, 1997).…”

“…Na família Euphorbiaceae, plantas lactescentes ricas em terpenóides com representantes nativos e exóticos (Zani et al, 1993;Mabberley, 1997;Oliveira & Akisue, 1997), o gênero Euphorbia teve os látices de algumas espécies testados em formulações e concentrações variadas apresentando atividade moluscicida excepcional em gastrópodes pulmonados aquáticos (Pereira et al, 1978;Al-Zanbagi et al, 2001).…”