Effect of deltamethrin spraying on the sandfly populations in a focus of American cutaneous leismaniasis

Falcão, Alda Lima; Falcão, A. R.; Pinto, Cláudio Teixeira; Gontijo, Célia Maria Ferreira; Falqueto, Aloísio

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761991000400004

Cited by 38 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…IRS is not expected to impact on exophilic and exophagic vectors, nor immature stages; though sandfly breeding sites are largely unknown (Alexander and Maroli, 2003). Measurable entomological indicators of control success include reductions in human landing rates, blood-feeding success, or human blood index, and reduced vector survival (lower parous rates), as demonstrated for a wide range of New World (Davies et al, 2000;Feliciangeli et al, 2003a,b;Courtenay et al, 2007;Falcao et al, 1991), and Old World sandfly species (Benzerroung et al, 1992;Reyburn et al, 2000;Joshi and Rai, 1994;Kaul et al, 1994;Mukhopadhyay et al, 1996;Joshi et al, 2009). Insecticide deterrency (sometimes called repellency cf.…”

Section: Vector Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Mathematical Modelling of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Rock¹,

Quinnell²,

Medley³

et al. 2016

Advances in Parasitology

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The leishmaniases comprise a complex of diseases characterised by clinical outcomes that range from self-limiting to chronic, disfiguring and stigmatising, to life-threatening. Diagnostic methods, treatments, and vector and reservoir control options exist, but deciding the most effective interventions requires a quantitative understanding of the population level infection and disease dynamics. The effectiveness of any set of interventions has to be determined within the context of operational conditions, including economic and political commitment. Mathematical models are the best available tools for studying quantitative systems crossing disciplinary spheres (biology, medicine, economics) within environmental and societal constraints.In 2005, the World Health Assembly and government health ministers of India, Nepal, and Bangladesh signed a Memorandum of Understanding to eliminate the life threatening form of leishmaniasis, visceral leishmaniasis (VL), on the Indian subcontinent by 2015 through a combination of early case detection, improved treatments, and vector control. The elimination target is <1/10,000 population at the district or subdistrict level compared to the current 20/10,000 in the regions of highest transmission.Towards this goal, this chapter focuses on mathematical models of VL, and the biology driving those models, to enable realistic predictions of the * Corresponding author Email address: orin.courtenay@warwick.ac.uk (Orin Courtenay)Preprint submitted to Advances in Parasitology July 18, 2016 best combination of interventions. Several key issues will be discussed which have affected previous modelling of VL and the direction future modelling may take. Current understanding of the natural history of disease, immunity (and loss of immunity), as well as stages of infection and their durations are considered particularly for humans, but also for dogs. Asymptomatic and clinical infection are discussed in the context of their relative roles in Leishmania transmission, as well as key components of the parasite-sandfly-vector interaction and intervention strategies including diagnosis, treatment and vector control. Gaps in current biological knowledge and potential avenues to improve model structures and mathematical predictions are identified. Underpinning the marriage between biology and mathematical modelling, the content of this chapter represents the first step towards developing the next generation of models for VL.

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Section: Vector Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Mathematical Modelling of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Rock¹,

Quinnell²,

Medley³

et al. 2016

Advances in Parasitology

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“…In 2001 average captures in 1996-1997and 1997-1998Numerosos trabalhos de controle de flebotomíneos têm dado um enfoque para o uso de inseticidas químicos em paredes de casas e anexos (abrigos de animais, silos) 3,4,5,6,7,8,9 , em ambientes silvestres 10,11,12 e impregnados em mosquiteiros 13,14,15,16,17 . Essas medidas apesar de atrativas não são permanentes 18 , além do que, a precariedade das habitações, a descontinuidade e/ou o uso em épocas inapropriadas e os riscos ambientais advindos da aplicação de inseticidas em ambientes silvestres, constituem fatores limitantes para o controle de flebotomíneos 15,19,20,21 .…”

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Avaliação de medidas de controle de flebotomíneos no norte do Estado do Paraná, Brasil

Teodoro

Santos

et al. 2007

Cad. Saúde Pública

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Sandfly captures from April 2001-September 2002 were compared to those from October 1996-September 1997 and October 1998-April 2000 AM. In 2001 average captures in 1996-1997and 1997-1998Numerosos trabalhos de controle de flebotomíneos têm dado um enfoque para o uso de inseticidas químicos em paredes de casas e anexos (abrigos de animais, silos) 3,4,5,6,7,8,9 , em ambientes silvestres 10,11,12 e impregnados em mosquiteiros 13,14,15,16,17 . Essas medidas apesar de atrativas não são permanentes 18 , além do que, a precariedade das habitações, a descontinuidade e/ou o uso em épocas inapropriadas e os riscos ambientais advindos da aplicação de inseticidas em ambientes silvestres, constituem fatores limitantes para o controle de flebotomíneos 15,19,20,21 . Há diversos registros do insucesso de medidas de desinsetização utilizadas para o controle de flebotomíneos, especialmente no peridomicílio 6,8,17 . Além disso, a desorganização de órgãos pú-blicos de saúde e as trocas constantes de especialistas em controle de vetores por agentes de saú-de têm gerado a carência de pessoal capacitado para a execução de trabalhos de controle 22,23 .Medidas alternativas baratas, práticas e que possam ser incorporadas no dia-a-dia das populações que vivem em áreas de risco, podem di-ARTIGO ARTICLE

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“…Although some studies reported deltamethrin residual effects up to 9-12 months inside houses 13,19 , strong anti-feeding effects when applied to dogs as collars or topically, and repellent effects in impregnated bednets 7,8,9 , and pyrethroids as lambdacyalothrin reducing impact on Lu. longipalpis sand fly captures after focal or indoor applications 14,18 , there are many reports about the short or transient effects of fenitrothion 14 , cypermethrin 12 and deltamethrin as peridomestic sprayed insecticide 1,13,22,36 . Unfortunately the effects of insecticides for longer periods than 14 days could not be assessed in this study due to an abrupt change in the weather conditions that reduced the population; both in the intervention and the control group, but the results obtained were consistent with the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lutzomyia longipalpis behavior and control at an urban visceral leishmaniasis focus in Argentina

Santini

Salomón

Acardi

et al. 2010

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYDuring the earlier stages of visceral leishmaniasis transmission in Posadas City, Misiones, both the night activity and attraction to humans of Lutzomyia longipalpis were assessed, in order to provide preliminary recommendations. The impact of peridomestic deltamethrin spraying performed by local officials was also evaluated. Although Lu. longipalpis were found in traps located over a dog the entire night, 90% of the females were captured from 20.30h to 1.30h, and only landed on a human when he was at a distance of 1.5 m from the dog. Peridomestic spraying of deltamethrin (25 mg/m 2 ) reduced the sand fly capture up to seven days post-intervention without dispersion in the border of the sprayed areas. These results support the recommendations about time-space focus of the protection measures: first half of the night, in the backyard, with pets and domestic animals kept at least 5 m from humans. The deltamethrin as it was used did not seem very effective in this scenario; neither did the eventual use of bed nets, at least in adults, due to the place/hour of sand fly higher activity. This study strengthens the need for a multidisciplinary approach to develop prevention strategies based both on biological and anthropological studies.

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Effect of deltamethrin spraying on the sandfly populations in a focus of American cutaneous leismaniasis

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Progress in the Mathematical Modelling of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Progress in the Mathematical Modelling of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Avaliação de medidas de controle de flebotomíneos no norte do Estado do Paraná, Brasil

Lutzomyia longipalpis behavior and control at an urban visceral leishmaniasis focus in Argentina

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