Susceptibility of laboratory-reared female Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz &amp; Neiva, 1912) to infection by different species and strains of Leishmania Ross, 1903

Silva, A. L. F. F. Da; Williams, Paul; Melo, Maria Norma; Mayrink, Wilson

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761990000400010

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…L. amazonensis development in L. longipalpis was reported by Molyneux et al (1975). L. longipalpis was also infected with strains of L. guyanensis, L. amazonensis and L. mexicana, although demonstrating different degrees of susceptibility depending on the strain (Silva et al 1990). Walters (1993) studied many unnatural life cycles with many species and was able to infect L. longipalpis with L. major.…”

Section: Leishmania Sppmentioning

confidence: 63%

Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae): a review

Soares

Turco

2003

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Lutzomyia longipalpis is the most important vector of American Visceral Leishmaniasis (AVL) due to Leishmania chagasi in the New World. Despite its importance, AVL, a disease primarily of rural areas, has increased its prevalence and became urbanized in some large cities in Brazil and other countries in Latin America. Although the disease is treatable, other control measures include elimination of infected dogs and the use of insecticides to kill the sand flies. A better understanding of vector biology could also account as one more tool for AVL control. A wide variety of papers about L. longipalpis have been published in the recent past years. This review summarizes our current information of this particular sand fly regarding its importance, biology, morphology, pheromones genetics, saliva, gut physiology and parasite interactions.

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Section: Leishmania Sppmentioning

confidence: 63%

Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae): a review

Soares

Turco

2003

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…Studies on experimental infections in sand flies with different Leishmania species suggest that Lu. longipalpis is a permissive vector, which support the development of different Leishmania species [45-47]. The susceptibility of Lu.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The susceptibility of Lu. longipalpis to L. amazonensis, L. braziliensis, L. guyanensis, L. infantum and L. mexicana were experimentally studied by [45]. Only 9% of blood fed sand flies on the lesions of hamsters infected presented the parasite L. braziliensis or L. mexicana after dissection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of multiple circulating Leishmania species in Lutzomyia longipalpis in the city of Governador Valadares, southeastern Brazil

Cardoso

Bento

Almeida

et al. 2018

Preprint

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28Background 29 Leishmaniasis encompasses a group of diverse clinical diseases caused by protozoan 30 parasites of the Leishmania genus. This disease is a major public health problem in 31 the New World affecting people exposed in endemic regions. The city of Governador 32 Valadares (Minas Gerais/Brazil) is a re-emerging area for visceral leishmaniasis, with 33 191 human cases reported from 2008 to 2017 and a lethality rate of 14.7%. The 34 transmission of the parasite occurs intensely in this region with up to 22% of domestic 35 dogs with positive serology for the visceral form. Lu. longipalpis is one of the most 36 abundant sand fly species in this area. Despite this scenario, so far there is no 37 information regarding the circulating Leishmania species in the insect vector Lutzomyia 38 longipalpis in this focus. 39 Methodology/Principal Findings 40 We collected 616 female Lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies between January and 41 September 2015 in the Vila Parque Ibituruna neighborhood (Governador 42 Valadares/MG), which is located on a transitional area between the sylvatic and urban 43 environments with residences built near a preserved area. After DNA extraction of 44 individual sand flies, the natural Leishmania infections in Lu. longipalpis were detected 45 by end-point PCR, using primers derived from kDNA sequences, specific for L. 46 (Leishmania) or L. (Viannia) subgenus. The sensitivity of these PCR reactions was 0.1 47 pg of DNA for each Leishmania subgenus and the total infection rate of 16.2% (100 48 positive specimens). Species-specific PCR detected the presence of multiple 49 Leishmania species in infected Lu. longipalpis specimens in Governador Valadares, 50 including L. amazonensis (n=3), L. infantum (n=28), L. (Viannia) spp. (n=20), 3 51 coinfections with L. infantum and L. (Viannia) spp. (n=5), and L. (Leishmania) spp 52 (n=44). 53 Conclusions 54 Our results demonstrate that multiple Leishmania species circulate in Lu. longipalpis 55 in Governador Valadares and reveal a potential increasing risk of transmission of the 56 different circulating parasite species. This information is a key factor for planning 57 surveillance and effective control strategies against leishmaniasis in this endemic 58 focus. 59 60 Author summary 61 Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease transmitted to mammals by the 62 bite of sand flies infected with parasites of the Leishmania genus. This disease affects 63 millions of people in various regions of the world, including Brazil. The municipality of 64 Governador Valadares (Minas Gerais/Brazil) is a re-emergent focus of intense 65 transmission of leishmaniasis, with a high number of human cases and a high 66 prevalence of infected domestic dogs. To develop better leishmaniasis control 67 strategies for the region, we performed a surveillance study of Lu. longipalpis, the main 68 vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil, and identified circulating species of 69Leishmania in this insect vector. We estimate that the natural infection rate of Lu. 70 longipalpis...

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“…However, experimental infection of female sand flies was only detected on one occasion. Certain factors, separately or in combination, might explain the low infection rate, including infection time, cutaneous parasite load, skin condition of the mammalian host, and its immunological status [39]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental infection and transmission of Leishmania by Lutzomyia cruzi (Diptera: Psychodidae): Aspects of the ecology of parasite-vector interactions

et al. 2017

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Several parameters should be addressed before incriminating a vector for Leishmania transmission. Those may include its ability to become infected by the same Leishmania species found in humans, the degree of attractiveness for reservoirs and humans and capacity to sustain parasite infection under laboratory conditions. This study evaluated the vectorial capacity of Lutzomyia cruzi for Leishmania infantum and gathered information on its ability to harbor L. amazonensis. Laboratory-reared Lu. cruzi were infected experimentally by feeding them on dogs infected naturally with L. infantum and hamsters infected with L. amazonensis. Sand fly attractiveness to dogs and humans was determined using wild caught insects. The expected daily survival of infected Lu. cruzi, the duration of the gonotrophic cycle, and the extrinsic incubation period were also investigated for both parasites. Vector competence was investigated for both Leishmania species. The mean proportion of female sand flies that fed on hosts was 0.40. For L. infantum and L. amazonensis, Lu. cruzi had experimental infection rates of 10.55% and 41.56%, respectively. The extrinsic incubation period was 3 days for both Leishmania species, regardless of the host. Survival expectancy of females infected with L. infantum and L. amazonensis after completing the gonotrophic cycle was 1.32 and 0.43, respectively. There was no association between L. infantum infection and sand fly longevity, but L. amazonensis–infected flies had significantly greater survival probabilities. Furthermore, egg-laying was significantly detrimental to survival. Lu. cruzi was found to be highly attracted to both dogs and humans. After a bloodmeal on experimentally infected hosts, both parasites were able to survive and develop late-stage infections in Lu. cruzi. However, transmission was demonstrated only for L. amazonensis–infected sand flies. In conclusion, Lu. cruzi fulfilled several of the requirements of vectorial capacity for L. infantum transmission. Moreover, it was also permissive to L. amazonensis.

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Susceptibility of laboratory-reared female Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) to infection by different species and strains of Leishmania Ross, 1903

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae): a review

Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae): a review

Detection of multiple circulating Leishmania species in Lutzomyia longipalpis in the city of Governador Valadares, southeastern Brazil

Experimental infection and transmission of Leishmania by Lutzomyia cruzi (Diptera: Psychodidae): Aspects of the ecology of parasite-vector interactions

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