The potential contribution of social research to control of malaria in Brazil

Sawyer, Donald

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761986000600005

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…This behavior is largely explained by several factors, including urbanization, the establishment of pastures and crops that limit receptive conditions for the vector, and improvements in socioeconomic conditions. Moreover, in the early years of occupation, no established healthcare system is available to reduce transmission rates or offer treatment to patients [ 2 ] [ 36 ] [ 37 ] [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malaria disease events in the Brazilian Amazon present a spatial pattern defined by environmental and socio-spatial factors, including vector density, land cover dynamics, population dynamics and economic activities such as mining and the construction of hydroelectric dams, and the capacity of health services to control the disease [ 1 ] [ 2 ]. One of the socio-spatial processes that allow population groups to become more vulnerable to diseases is population mobility (PM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although PM data are scarce and hence few empirical studies of PM have been published, several authors have highlighted the importance of PM in the occurrence of health problems, including, specifically, malaria [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ]. PM not only results in human contact with novel pathogens but also promotes the spread of other pathogens to new areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of spatial mobility in malaria transmission in the Brazilian Amazon: The case of Porto Velho municipality, Rondônia, Brazil (2010-2012)

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThis study aims to describe the role of mobility in malaria transmission by discussing recent changes in population movements in the Brazilian Amazon and developing a flow map of disease transmission in this region.Methodology/Principal findingsThis study presents a descriptive analysis using an ecological approach on regional and local scales. The study location was the municipality of Porto Velho, which is the capital of Rondônia state, Brazil. Our dataset was obtained from the official health database, the population census and an environmental database. During 2000–2007 and 2007–2010, the Porto Velho municipality had an annual population growth of 1.42% and 5.07%, respectively. This population growth can be attributed to migration, which was driven by the construction of the Madeira River hydroelectric complex. From 2010 to 2012, 63,899 malaria-positive slides were reported for residents of Porto Velho municipality; 92% of the identified samples were autochthonous, and 8% were allochthonous. The flow map of patients' movements between residential areas and areas of suspected infection showed two patterns of malaria transmission: 1) commuting between residential areas and the Jirau hydropower dam reservoir, and 2) movements between urban areas and farms and resorts in rural areas. It was also observed that areas with greater occurrences of malaria were characterized by a low rate of deforestation.ConclusionsThe Porto Velho municipality exhibits high malaria endemicity and plays an important role in disseminating the parasite to other municipalities in the Amazon and even to non-endemic areas of the country. Migration remains an important factor for the occurrence of malaria. However, due to recent changes in human occupation of the Brazilian Amazon, characterized by intense expansion of transportation networks, commuting has also become an important factor in malaria transmission. The magnitude of this change necessitates a new model to explain malaria transmission in the Brazilian Amazon.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of spatial mobility in malaria transmission in the Brazilian Amazon: The case of Porto Velho municipality, Rondônia, Brazil (2010-2012)

et al. 2017

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“…Important components of the control effort have been appointed in the past. They were related to better housing, that decrease the man vector contact and increase residual insecticide activity, the determination of the case origins, society engagement and, early diagnosis and treatment of the malaria cases (Botelho et al 1986, Sawyer 1986, Motta 1992, Barata 1995, Marques 1995, Voorham 1997. We suggest that measures that could decrease people flow could play a putative role in malaria control and should be considered in the infrastructure of any government settlement programs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biting Indices, Host-seeking Activity and Natural Infection Rates of Anopheline Species in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil from 1996 to 1998

Silva-Vasconcelos

Kató

Mourão

et al. 2002

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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The epidemiology of the transmission of malaria parasites varies ecologically. To observe some entomological aspects of the malaria transmission in an urban environment, a longitudinal survey of anopheline fauna was performed in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. A total of 7,263 anophelines was collected in human bait at 13 de Setembro and Caranã districts: Anopheles albitarsis sensu lato (82.8%), An. darlingi (10.3%), An. braziliensis (5.5%), An. peryassui (0.9%) and An. nuneztovari (0.5%). Nightly 12 h collections showed that An. albitarsis was actively biting throughout the night with peak activities at sunset and at midnight. An. darlingi bit during all night and did not demonstrate a defined biting peak. Highest biting indices, entomological inoculation rates and malaria cases were observed seasonally during the rainy season (April-November). Hourly collections showed host seek activity for all mosquitoes peaked during the first hour after sunset. An. darlingi showed the highest plasmodial malaria infection rate followed by An. albitarsis, An. braziliensis and An. nuneztovari (8.5%, 4.6%, 3% and 2.6%, respectively). An. albitarsis was the most frequently collected anopheline, presented the highest biting index and it was the second most frequently collected infected species infected with malaria parasites. An. albitarsis and An. darlingi respectively, are the primary vectors of malaria throughout Boa Vista

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“…Environmental changes observed in the Brazilian Amazon since the late 1970s were accompanied by a new disease burden profile. The opening of new agricultural settlements intensified during the 1980s, and these were invariably accompanied by malaria outbreaks [10]. Entomologically, the process of forest clearing created ideal conditions for the malaria vector ( Anopheles mosquito): clean, partly sunlit, and clear water with pH near neutral (as opposed to acidic water found in the undisturbed forest) [5].…”

Section: Development Environmental Degradation and Disease Spread Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, environmental degradation, and disease spread in the Brazilian Amazon

et al. 2019

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The Amazon is Brazil’s greatest natural resource and invaluable to the rest of the world as a buffer against climate change. The recent election of Brazil’s president brought disputes over development plans for the region back into the spotlight. Historically, the development model for the Amazon has focused on exploitation of natural resources, resulting in environmental degradation, particularly deforestation. Although considerable attention has focused on the long-term global cost of “losing the Amazon,” too little attention has focused on the emergence and reemergence of vector-borne diseases that directly impact the local population, with spillover effects to other neighboring areas. We discuss the impact of Amazon development models on human health, with a focus on vector-borne disease risk. We outline policy actions that could mitigate these negative impacts while creating opportunities for environmentally sensitive economic activities.

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The potential contribution of social research to control of malaria in Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

The role of spatial mobility in malaria transmission in the Brazilian Amazon: The case of Porto Velho municipality, Rondônia, Brazil (2010-2012)

The role of spatial mobility in malaria transmission in the Brazilian Amazon: The case of Porto Velho municipality, Rondônia, Brazil (2010-2012)

Biting Indices, Host-seeking Activity and Natural Infection Rates of Anopheline Species in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil from 1996 to 1998

Development, environmental degradation, and disease spread in the Brazilian Amazon

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